Niveles de Actividad Física en Niños: Impacto de la Pandemia Covid-19 (Levels of Physical Activity in Portuguese Children: the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic)

Autores/as

  • Cristiana Mercê Departamento de Exercício e Saúde, Escola Superior de Desporto de Rio Maior, Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Avenida Doutor Mário Soares nº110, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Estudo da Performance Humana, CIPER, Faculdade do Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5146-6597
  • Jéssica Cordeiro Departamento de Exercício e Saúde, Escola Superior de Desporto de Rio Maior, Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Avenida Doutor Mário Soares nº110, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8574-2550
  • Catarina Romão Departamento de Exercício e Saúde, Escola Superior de Desporto de Rio Maior, Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Avenida Doutor Mário Soares nº110, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9782-1133
  • Marco Branco Departamento de Exercício e Saúde, Escola Superior de Desporto de Rio Maior, Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Avenida Doutor Mário Soares nº110, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal; Centro Interdisciplinar de Estudo da Performance Humana, CIPER, Faculdade do Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5238-1069
  • David Catela Departamento de Exercício e Saúde, Escola Superior de Desporto de Rio Maior, Instituto Politécnico de Santarém, Avenida Doutor Mário Soares nº110, 2040-413 Rio Maior, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0759-8343

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.94936

Palabras clave:

Niños, Actividad física, COVID-19, Portugal

Resumen

Los niños portugueses pasan unas ocho horas/día en conductas sedentárias, prestando solo una hora en juego activo. Esta tasa de inactividad es del 84%. Los niveles bajos de actividad física (AF) desencadean varios problemas de salud n los niños y, posteriormente, en la vida adulta. Con la aparición de la pandemia COVID-19 y, en consequência, un aumento de las tareas de confinamento, a saber, aprendizaje a distancia, se espera que haya habido una diminución en la AF y un aumento en los comportamentos de pantalla y los niveles de estilo de vida sedentário en los niños. Los objetivos son: i) comprovar los niveles de AF; ii) comparar los niveles de AF entre sexos, antes y durante la pandemia. El cuestionario “Cuestionario Pictórico de la Actividad Física Infantilfue traducido y aplicado en Portugal, a través de la plataforma Google Forms, habiendo sido respondido por 61 niños com una edad promedio de 12,0±3,1 años. Antes de la pandemia, los niños varones praticaban más AF. Durante la pandemia, hubo una disminución en la práctica en ambos sexos. Los neveles de AF se establecieron entre “Poco ativo” y “Nada activo”, sin diferencia entre sexos. La edad de los niños influyó positivamente en la práctica informal. También se encontro que niveles más bajos de AF se asocian con valores más altos de peso. Los niveles de AF de los niños portugueses son muy inferiores a los recomendados, situación que se agravo durante la pandemia. Para combatir el sedentarismo y el sobrepeso en los niños es necessário desarrollar medidas para promover la AF de manera temprana especialmente en situaciones de pandemia y/o confinamento, en las que la AF alcanza valores aún más bajos.

Palabras clave: Niños, Actividad Física, COVID-19, Portugal

Abstract: Portuguese children spend about eight hours/day in sedentary behaviours, presenting only one hour in active play. This inactivity rate is about 84%. The lower levels of physical activity (PA) trigger several health problems in children and, after, in adulthood. With the appearance of the pandemic of COVID-19 and, consequently, increase of confined tasks like distance learning, has been verified the PA decrease and screen and sedentary behaviours increase in children. The objectives are: i) verify PA levels; ii) compare PA levels between genders, before and during the pandemic. The questionnaire “Cuestinário Pictórico de la Actividad Físca Infantil” has been translated and applied in Portugal, across the platform Google Forms, having been answered by 61 children of average age of 12.0±3.1 years. Before the pandemic, male children practice more PA. During the pandemic, has been verified a practise decrease in both genders. The PA levels settled between “Little active” and “Nothing active”, not checking differences between genders. The child’s age affected positively the formal PA in academies and clubs and, negatively the informal practise. It has been verified that lower PA levels are associated with higher weight values. Portuguese children PA levels are well below the recommended, situation that worsened during the pandemic. In order to combat childhood inactivity and overweight, it is necessary to develop measures to promote PA early specially in situations of pandemic and/or confinement, in which PA reaches even lower levels.

Keywords: Children, Physical Activity, COVID-19, Portugal.

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Publicado

2023-01-02

Cómo citar

Mercê, C., Cordeiro, J., Romão, C., Branco, M., & Catela, D. (2023). Niveles de Actividad Física en Niños: Impacto de la Pandemia Covid-19 (Levels of Physical Activity in Portuguese Children: the Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic). Retos, 47, 174–180. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.94936

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Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas