Diseño y validación de un cuestionario para conocer las principales barreras y beneficios percibidos en el arbitraje femenino en el fútbol (Design and validation of a questionnaire to identify the main barriers and perceived benefits of women's refereein
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v43i0.89340Palabras clave:
Fútbol, Arbitraje, Mujeres, Barreras Percibidas, (Soccer. Refereeing. Women. Perceived Barriers)Resumen
Las mujeres ha ido incorporándose poco a poco a la industria del fútbol durante los últimos años, no solo como deportista, sino también en otros estamentos de este sector como la dirección o el arbitraje. El objetivo del presente trabajo es diseñar y validar una herramienta de evaluación de las barreras percibidas en el arbitraje femenino, tanto durante la formación de las árbitras (de manera previa) como en su llegada al máximo nivel. Un total de 380 árbitras de ámbito nacional y territorial fueron consultadas a través de un cuestionario elaborado ad-hoc. Tras el análisis factorial confirmatorio de segundo orden, se establecieron 3 dimensiones: Percepción del Apoyo Institucional, Beneficios del Arbitraje y Percepción del Clima Social y Familiar. Tras el análisis de los resultados se puede concluir que se ha obtenido una herramienta válida y fiable para determinar las principales barreras asociadas al arbitraje femenino.
Abstract: Women have been gradually joining the football industry in recent years, not only as sportswomen, but also in other areas of the sector such as management and refereeing. The aim of this work is to design and validate a tool for evaluating the barriers perceived in female refereeing, both during the training of female referees (in advance) and once they reach this level, as well as the analysis of the results obtained within the national territory. A total of 380 women referees at national and territorial level were consulted by means of a questionnaire developed on an ad hoc basis. After the second order confirmatory factor analysis, three dimensions were established: Perception of Institutional Support, Benefits of Refereeing and Perception of the Social and Family Climate. After the analysis of the results, it can be concluded that a valid and reliable tool has been obtained to determine the main barriers associated with female refereeing.
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