Estudio de salud y condición física de jugadores de fútbol de Semarang: el papel del VO2 máximo, el índice de masa corporal, la edad y la duración del entrenamiento (Health and fitness study of Semarang soccer players: the role of VO2 max, body mass index, age and length of training)

Autores/as

  • Didi Yudha Pranata Universitas Negeri Semarang https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4442-091X
  • M. Furqon Hidayatullah Universitas Sebelas Maret
  • Sulaiman Sulaiman Universitas Negeri Semarang
  • Sri Sumartiningsih Universitas Negeri Semarang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3971-5092
  • Harry Pramono Universitas Negeri Semarang
  • Heny Setyawati Universitas Negeri Semarang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.108184

Palabras clave:

Body Mass Index; VO2 max; Age; Length of Training; Football

Resumen

El rendimiento de los jugadores de fútbol está influido por factores fisiológicos, por lo que un entrenador debe conocer y analizar estos factores. Este estudio tenía como objetivo explorar la relación entre el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) y la capacidad aeróbica máxima (VO2 máx) en la salud y la forma física de los jugadores de fútbol en Semarang. En el estudio participaron 41 jugadores de fútbol de varios clubes locales, con edades comprendidas entre los 14 y los 16 años, que fueron evaluados mediante la medición del IMC midiendo la altura y el peso y la prueba de VO2 máx con el Multi-Stage Fitness Test. Los datos se analizaron mediante la correlación de Pearson para identificar la fuerza y la dirección de la relación entre las variables. Los resultados del análisis mostraron que 1) La edad tenía una correlación positiva moderada con el VO2 máx (r = 0,366, p = 0,018), lo que indica que los valores de VO2 máx tienden a aumentar con la edad. Sin embargo, la edad no mostró una correlación significativa con las demás variables (criterios de IMC, IMC y duración del entrenamiento), 2) los criterios de IMC tuvieron una correlación muy alta y significativa con el IMC (r = 0,785, p < 0,001), lo que confirma que los criterios de IMC utilizados estaban muy correlacionados con los valores reales de IMC. Sin embargo, no se encontró una correlación significativa entre los criterios de IMC y el VO2 máx. y la duración del entrenamiento, 3) el IMC no mostró una correlación significativa con el VO2 máx. (r = 0,191, p = 0,232) ni con la duración del entrenamiento (r = 0,088, p = 0,585), 4) el VO2 máx. tuvo una correlación positiva moderada y significativa con la duración del entrenamiento (r = 0,639, p < 0,001), lo que sugiere que los individuos con una mayor duración del entrenamiento tienden a tener un VO2 máx. más alto. La conclusión de este estudio es que existe una relación significativa entre la edad y el VO2 máx, así como entre la duración del entrenamiento y el VO2 máx, lo que indica la importancia de ambos factores en los programas de mejora de la capacidad aeróbica. Además, los criterios de IMC utilizados demostraron ser válidos a la hora de reflejar los valores reales de IMC. Estos resultados subrayan la importancia de tener en cuenta la edad y la duración del entrenamiento en los programas de acondicionamiento físico de los futbolistas, así como la validez de los criterios de IMC utilizados en el estudio.

Palabras clave: Índice de masa corporal; VO2 máx; Edad; Duración del entrenamiento; Fútbol

Abstract. Physiological factors influence the performance of football players, so a coach must know and analyze these factors. This study explored the relationship between Body Mass Index (BMI) and maximal aerobic capacity (VO2 max) on the health and fitness of soccer players in Semarang. The study involved 41 soccer players from various local clubs, aged 14-16 years, who were evaluated through BMI measurement by measuring height and weight and VO2 max test with Multi-Stage Fitness Test. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation to identify the strength and direction of the relationship between variables. The analysis results showed that: 1) Age had a moderate positive correlation with VO2 max (r = 0.366, p = 0.018), indicating that VO2 max values tend to increase with age. However, age showed no significant correlation with the other variables (BMI criteria, BMI, and length of training), 2) BMI criteria had a very high and significant correlation with BMI (r = 0.785, p < 0.001), confirming that the BMI criteria used were highly correlated with actual BMI values. However, no significant correlation was found between BMI criteria and VO2 max and training duration, 3) BMI showed no significant correlation with VO2 max (r = 0.191, p = 0.232) nor with training duration (r = 0.088, p = 0.585), 4) VO2 max had a moderate and significant positive correlation with training duration (r = 0.639, p < 0.001), suggesting that individuals with longer training duration tend to have higher VO2 Max. This study concludes that there is a significant relationship between age and VO2 max as well as between training duration and VO2 max, indicating the importance of both factors in aerobic capacity improvement programs. In addition, the BMI criteria used proved to be valid in reflecting actual BMI values. These results underscore the importance of considering age and duration of training in football players' fitness programs as well as the validity of the BMI criteria used in the study.

Keywords: Body Mass Index; VO2 max; Age; Length of Training; Football

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Publicado

2024-12-01

Cómo citar

Yudha Pranata, D., Hidayatullah, M. F., Sulaiman, S., Sumartiningsih, S., Pramono, H., & Setyawati, H. (2024). Estudio de salud y condición física de jugadores de fútbol de Semarang: el papel del VO2 máximo, el índice de masa corporal, la edad y la duración del entrenamiento (Health and fitness study of Semarang soccer players: the role of VO2 max, body mass index, age and length of training). Retos, 61, 400–404. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.108184

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Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

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