Los efectos del entrenamiento en circuito frente al entrenamiento en intervalos de alta intensidad en la resistencia de los atletas de voleibol: un ensayo controlado aleatorio (The effects of circuit training versus high-intensity interval training on the endurance of volleyball athletes: a randomized controlled trial)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.107877Palabras clave:
VO2max; fisiología; deporte; ejercicio, capacidad aeróbica.Resumen
A pesar de su naturaleza intermitente, el voleibol otorga importancia a una alta capacidad aeróbica, particularmente evidente en juegos de múltiples sets que exigen niveles sostenidos de alto rendimiento. Existen varios enfoques de entrenamiento para mejorar la resistencia de los atletas de voleibol. Por lo tanto, el objetivo fundamental de esta investigación es examinar los efectos contrastantes de la utilización de métodos de entrenamiento en intervalos de alta intensidad (HIIT) y entrenamiento en circuito para mejorar la resistencia de los atletas de voleibol. El estudio utilizó un grupo experimental que participó en un régimen de entrenamiento HIIT y un grupo de contraste que realizó un programa de entrenamiento en circuito. Treinta jugadores de voleibol masculino con edades comprendidas entre los 17 y los 22 años (M=19,14; DS±1,61) para el estudio y se dividieron en grupos de contraste y experimentales de 15 cada uno. Al inicio y al final de los programas de intervención, ambos grupos se sometieron a evaluaciones fisiológicas para el Consumo Máximo de Oxígeno (VO2max), la Recuperación de la Frecuencia Cardíaca (HRR), el Flujo Inspiratorio Máximo (PIF), el Flujo Espiratorio Máximo (PEF) y la Capacidad Vital de Fuerza (FVC). Como resultado, se observó una interacción significativa de Tiempo x Grupo para el VO2max, HRR, PIF, PEF y FVC. Esto representa una mejoría significativa en el grupo de tratamiento (p < 0,001). No se observaron cambios sustanciales en el grupo de comparación. Los hallazgos revelaron que el enfoque de entrenamiento HIIT superó al método de entrenamiento en circuito para mejorar la resistencia de los atletas de voleibol. En consecuencia, debería ser beneficioso para los jugadores de voleibol incorporar HIIT en sus regímenes de entrenamiento estándar.
Palabras clave: VO2max; fisiología; deporte; ejercicio, capacidad aeróbica.
Abstract. Despite its intermittent nature, volleyball places significance on a high aerobic capacity, particularly evident in multiset games that demand sustained high-performance levels. Various training approaches exist to enhance the endurance of volleyball athletes. Thus, the fundamental aim of this research is to examine the contrasting effects of utilizing high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and circuit training methods to enhance volleyball athletes' endurance. The study used an Experimental group that partook in a HIIT training regime, and a Contrast group that undertook a Circuit training program. Thirty male volleyball players aged between 17 and 22 years (M=19.14; SD±1.61) were purposefully selected for the study and split into Contrast and Experimental groups of 15 each. At the beginning and end of the intervention programs both groups underwent physiological assessments for Maximum Oxygen Consumption (VO2max), Heart Rate Recovery (HRR), Peak Inspiratory Flow (PIF), Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF), and Force Vital Capacity (FVC). As result a meaningful Time x Group interaction for the VO2max, HRR, PIF, PEF and FVC was observed. This represents a significant improvement in the treatment group (p < 0.001). No material change was observed in the comparison group. Findings revealed that the HIIT training approach outperformed the circuit training method in enhancing volleyball athletes' endurance. Consequently, it is should be beneficial for volleyball players to incorporate HIIT into their standard training regimens.
Keywords: VO2max; physiology; sport; exercise; aerobic capacity.
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