¿Puede el entrenamiento de oscilación y movilización aguda beneficiar el sentido de la posición articular y la fuerza de los músculos del manguito rotador en jugadores de tenis jóvenes? (Can acute mobilization and oscillation training profit on the joint position sense and strength of the rotator cuff muscles in young tennis players?)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.107868Palabras clave:
Hombro, Isocinético, Torque, Resistencia, Manguito rotadorResumen
El manguito rotador es un grupo de músculos y tendones que actúan para estabilizar el hombro humano y permitir su amplio rango de movimiento. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar el efecto inmediato y la durabilidad del entrenamiento con mancuernas de movilización y oscilación (OD) sobre el sentido de posición articular (JPS) y la fuerza de los músculos del manguito rotador en tenistas jóvenes. Se dividieron veintiséis tenistas en dos grupos experimentales. G1 solo realizó entrenamiento de movilización mientras que G2 solo realizó entrenamiento OD, antes, después y después de una semana de los protocolos, se midieron la fuerza y JPS de la articulación del hombro con un dinamómetro isocinético. Se utilizaron análisis de varianza repetidos (RMANOVA) y la prueba post hoc de Bonferroni para examinar las diferencias entre los grupos. Se utilizó el análisis de covarianza para examinar las diferencias entre los grupos. En general, los resultados mostraron un efecto significativo de los programas de entrenamiento de movilización y OD sobre el JPS y la fuerza de rotación interna y externa de los tenistas jóvenes, pero solo se observó una diferencia entre los dos en la rotación externa para la acción excéntrica/concéntrica a 120 °/seg (p=0009; ƞ2p= 0,32). Además, los principales hallazgos mostraron que el entrenamiento de movilización y OD Mejoró las rotaciones internas y externas después del protocolo y después de una semana en comparación con el valor inicial para las rotaciones concéntrica/concéntrica y excéntrica/concéntrica a 60°/seg y 120°/seg (p < 0,05). Con una sola excepción para la rotación interna concéntrica/concéntrica a 120°/seg para ambos grupos (p > 0,05). Basándonos en esto, parece que en jugadores de tenis sanos, tanto las técnicas de movilización de una sesión como el entrenamiento OD pueden usarse para mejorar la JPS y la fuerza.
Palabras clave: Hombro, Isocinético, Torque, Resistencia, Manguito rotador.
Abstract. The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that act to stabilize the human shoulder and allow for its extensive range of motion. This study aimed to compare the immediate effect and durability of mobilization and oscillation dumbbell (OD) training on the Joint Position Sense (JPS) and strength of rotator cuff muscles in young tennis players. Twenty-six tennis players were divided into two experimental groups. G1 only performed mobilization techniques while G2 only performed OD training, before, after and after one week of the protocols, the strength and JPS of the shoulder joint were measured with an isokinetic dynamometer. Repeated analysis of variance (RMANOVA) and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to examine the differences between the groups. The analysis of covariance was used to examine the differences between the groups. In general, the results showed a significant effect of both mobilization techniques and OD training programs on the JPS and internal and external rotation strength of young tennis players, but only one difference was observed between the two in external rotation for the eccentric/concentric action at 120°/sec (p=0009; ƞ2p= 0.32). Moreover, the main findings showed that mobilization techniques and OD improved internal and external rotations after the protocol and after one week when compared with baseline for the concentric/concentric and eccentric/concentric at 60°/sec and 120°/sec (p < 0.05) with only one exception for the internal rotation concentric/concentric at 120°/sec for both groups (p > 0.05). Based on this, it seems that in healthy tennis players, both one-session mobilization techniques and OD training can be used to improve JPS and strength.
Keywords: Shoulder, Isokinetic, Torque, Resistance, Rotator cuff.
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