Predictores motivacionales de autoestima en el juego del recreo: análisis en función de curso y género (Motivational predictors of self-esteem in recess play: grade and gender analysis)

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.105457

Palabras clave:

motivación autodeterminada, emoción, bienestar.

Resumen

La investigación sobre los procesos motivacionales y el bienestar de los escolares en el juego de recreo es escasa. Este estudio se propuso: a) examinar las diferencias relativas al curso y género en las necesidades psicológicas básicas (NPB), las regulaciones motivacionales, el índice de autodeterminación (IAD) y la autoestima global de los escolares en el juego de recreo, y b) estudiar las relaciones entre las variables a estudio y el valor predictivo de las NPB y el IAD en la autoestima según género. Participaron 446 escolares (M = 10.02; DE = 1.41) de 3º a 6º de primaria. Se realizaron un MANOVA, análisis univariados, correlaciones bivariadas y análisis de regresión jerárquico. Los resultados mostraron un descenso significativo en motivación intrínseca, regulación introyectada, regulación externa y desmotivación, así como un aumento del IAD en función del curso. Autonomía, relación y novedad fueron los principales predictores de la autoestima para los niños (26.8% de varianza), mientras que relación, competencia e IAD lo fueron para las niñas (34.6%). Los resultados apoyan el potencial del juego de recreo para proporcionar bienestar psicológico desde la teoría de la autodeterminación. Se discuten implicaciones para el diseño de intervenciones atendiendo a las diferencias de curso y género.

Palabras clave: motivación autodeterminada, emoción, bienestar, juego, recreo.

Abstract. Research on schoolchildren's motivational processes and well-being in recess play is scarce. This study aimed to: a) examine grade- and gender-related differences in the basic psychological needs (BPN), motivational regulations, self-determination index (SDI), and self-esteem among schoolchildren involved in recess play, b) to study the relationships between the variables under study, as well as the predictive value of BPN and SDI in self-esteem by gender. A total of 446 schoolchildren (M = 10.02; SD = 1.41) from 3rd to 6th grade of primary education participated. A MANOVA, univariate analyses, bivariate correlations and hierarchical regression analy-ses were performed. Grade-specific results showed a significant decrease in intrinsic motivation, introjected regulation, external regulation and amotivation, and an increase in SDI. Autonomy, relatedness and novelty were the main predictors of self-esteem for boys (explaining 26.8% of variance) while relatedness, competence and SDI were the main predictors of self-esteem for girls (34.6% of variance). Results support the potential of recess to provide psychological well-being to schoolchildren from self-determination theory. Implications for the design of grade- and gender-sensitive interventions are discussed.

Keywords: self-determined motivation, emotion, well-being, play, recess.

Biografía del autor/a

Antonio Méndez-Giménez , Universidad de Oviedo

Departamento Ciencias de la Educación

Citas

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Publicado

2024-07-17

Cómo citar

Méndez-Giménez, A., & García-Rodríguez, I. . (2024). Predictores motivacionales de autoestima en el juego del recreo: análisis en función de curso y género (Motivational predictors of self-esteem in recess play: grade and gender analysis). Retos, 58, 650–659. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.105457

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