La relación entre los factores antropométricos, biomotores y psicomotores en el rendimiento de los atletas paralímpicos de natación estilo libre de 100 metros en el Comité Paralímpico Nacional de Indonesia (The Relationship between Anthropometric, Biomotor, and Psychomotor Factors on the Performance of Paralympic 100 Meters Freestyle Swimming Athletes in National Paralympic Committee Indonesia)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.104869Palabras clave:
Anthropometry, biomotor, psychomotor, disabled athletes, swimming speed, achievementResumen
Esta investigación tiene como objetivo relacionar los factores antropométricos, biomotores y psicomotores con la velocidad de natación de atletas discapacitados en la competencia de estilo libre de 100 metros del Comité Paralímpico Nacional (NPC) (Indonesia) en 2022. Esta investigación fue un estudio transversal realizado por el Comité Paralímpico Nacional Comité (NPC) (Indonesia). La muestra utilizada en esta investigación fue de 15 atletas discapacitados del NPC Indonesia con la clasificación S7-S10 que obtuvieron medallas en el evento Para Juegos de la ASEAN en 2022. La recolección de datos incluye siete pruebas de variables independientes, existen factores antropométricos (altura, peso, masa corporal). índice, longitud del brazo y longitud de la pierna); factores biomotores (fuerza de los músculos abdominales y potencia de los músculos del brazo); factores psicomotores midiendo el equilibrio mediante Balance Tests; y variables dependientes midiendo la velocidad de natación mediante la prueba de capacidad de natación estilo libre de 100 metros. El análisis estadístico utilizó la prueba del coeficiente de correlación de Pearson con un nivel de significancia del 5%. Los resultados del análisis del coeficiente de correlación de Pearson muestran que la velocidad de nado se relacionó negativamente con la altura corporal, el peso corporal, la longitud del brazo, la fuerza de los músculos abdominales y la potencia de los músculos del brazo, indicando una correlación moderada entre las variables (p ≤ 0,001). Sin embargo, desafortunadamente, otras variables antropométricas como la longitud de las piernas y la edad mostraron una correlación negativa débil con la velocidad de nado (p ≤ 0,05). Mientras tanto, el índice de masa corporal y el equilibrio no mostraron correlación significativa con la velocidad de nado (p ≥ 0,05). Con base en los resultados de la investigación, se concluyó que los factores antropométricos y biomotores mostraron una relación negativa con la velocidad de nado, mientras que los factores psicomotores no.
Palabra clave: Antropometría, biomotora, psicomotora, deportistas discapacitados, velocidad de nado, logro.
Abstract. This research aims to relationship the anthropometric, biomotor, and psychomotor factors with disabled athlete's swimming speed in the National Paralympic Committee (NPC) (Indonesian) 100-meter freestyle competition in 2022. This research was a cross-sectional study conducted by the National Paralympic Committee (NPC) (Indonesia). The sample used in this research was 15 disabled athletes from NPC Indonesia with the S7-S10 classification who got medals at the ASEAN Para Games event in 2022. The data collection includes seven independent variable tests there are anthropometric factors (height, weight, body mass index, arm length, and leg length); biomotor factors (abdominal muscle strength and arm muscle power); psychomotor factors by measuring balance using Balance Tests; and dependent variables by measuring swimming speed using the 100-meter freestyle swimming ability test. Statistical analysis used the Pearson correlation coefficient test with a significance level of 5%. The results of the Pearson correlation coefficient analysis show that swimming speed was negatively related to body height, body weight, arm length, abdominal muscle strength, and arm muscle power indicating a moderate correlation between variables (p ≤ 0.001). However, unfortunately, other anthropometric variables such as leg length and age showed a weak negative correlation with swimming speed (p ≤ 0.05). Meanwhile, body mass index and balance did not show a significant correlation with swimming speed (p ≥ 0.05). Based on the research results, it was concluded that anthropometric and biomotor factors showed a negative relationship with swimming speed, while psychomotor factors did not.
Keyword: Anthropometry, biomotor, psychomotor, disabled athletes, swimming speed, achievement.
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