El entrenamiento en intervalos de alta intensidad a largo plazo reduce la glucosa en sangre en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (Long-term high-intensity interval training reduces blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.109024Palabras clave:
Blood glucose, HIIT, insulin sensitivity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes patientsResumen
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo demostrar los efectos a largo plazo del entrenamiento en intervalos de alta intensidad (HIIT) en la reducción de los niveles de glucosa en sangre en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. La investigación emplea un diseño preexperimental con un diseño de prueba previa y posterior a la prueba de un solo grupo. Un total de 20 pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2, de entre 40 y 60 años, participaron en el estudio y recibieron la intervención HIIT tres veces por semana durante ocho semanas. La recopilación de datos implicó medir los niveles de glucosa en sangre en ayunas antes y después de la intervención HIIT mediante el medidor ONE TOUCH™ BASIC™ Plus. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante pruebas t de muestras pareadas con un nivel de significancia del 5%, y el tamaño del efecto se evaluó mediante la d de Cohen. El análisis de la prueba t de muestras pareadas entre los niveles de glucosa en sangre pre-HIIT y post-HIIT (181,50 ± 17,85 mg/dL a 99,50 ± 8,26 mg/dL, p ≤ 0,001) reveló una reducción significativa, con un tamaño del efecto grande (d de Cohen = 5,896 ). Este estudio confirma que el entrenamiento en intervalos de alta intensidad a largo plazo es eficaz para reducir los niveles de glucosa en sangre en ayunas a rangos normales en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2.
Palabras clave: Glucosa en sangre, HIIT, sensibilidad a la insulina, resistencia a la insulina, pacientes con diabetes tipo 2
Abstract. This study aimed to demonstrate the long-term effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on reducing blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The research employs a preexperimental design with a one-group pretest‒posttest design. A total of 20 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged 40–60 years, participated in the study and received the HIIT intervention three times per week for eight weeks. Data collection involved measuring fasting blood glucose levels before and after the HIIT intervention via the ONE TOUCH™ BASIC™ Plus Meter. Data analysis was conducted via paired sample t tests with a significance level of 5%, and the effect size was evaluated via Cohen's d. Paired sample t test analysis between pre-HIIT and post-HIIT blood glucose levels (181.50±17.85 mg/dL to 99.50±8.26 mg/dL, p ≤ 0.001) revealed a significant reduction, with a large effect size (Cohen's d = 5.896). This study confirms that long-term high-intensity interval training is effective in lowering fasting blood glucose levels to normal ranges in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Keywords: Blood glucose, HIIT, insulin sensitivity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes patients
Citas
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