Píldoras saludables: un programa de actividad física para la prevención de la salud mental y mejora de la capacidad resiliente en estudiantes universitarios. protocolo de actuación (Healthy pills: physical activity program for the prevention of mental health and improvement of resilience in university students. intervention protocol)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.104012Palabras clave:
estudiantes, intervención, salud mental, actividad física, educación superiorResumen
Los trastornos de salud mental (SM) entre la población universitaria se han convertido en un problema grave de salud pública, por lo que es necesario el diseño de programas y políticas que den solución a esta situación desde las instituciones públicas de la Educación Superior. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio es comprobar si se producen cambios significativos en aspectos psicológicos del alumnado universitario, tras una intervención basada en actividad física (AF) con actividades de capacidad aeróbica y cardiovascular, actividades de condición física y actividades de meditación a través del yoga, la gimnasia interior y el mindfulness. La muestra estará formada por 136 estudiantes del cuarto curso de Educación Primaria, con edades comprendidas entre los 21 y 25 años. Este trabajo presenta un diseño cuasi-experimental con un grupo control y otro experimental y medidas repetidas de pretest y postest. El periodo de intervención tendrá una duración de 12 semanas, a lo largo de tres meses, con una sesión semanal de 40 minutos. Se administraron cuestionarios validados de AF (IPAQ-SF), SM (DASS-21), autoestima (Escala de Rosenberg), estados de ánimo (POMS), factores de la personalidad (BFI-44) y capacidad resiliente (CD-RISC) y un cuestionario de satisfacción. Se espera que estos resultados puedan tener un impacto significativo en la Educación Superior y sirva como punto de partida para velar por la salud integral y el bienestar de los estudiantes universitarios.
Palabras clave: estudiantes universitarios, intervención, salud mental, actividad física, educación superior.
Abstract. The mental health (MH) of the university population has become a serious public health problem, which is why it is necessary to design programs and policies that provide a solution to this situation from the public institutions of higher education. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine if significant changes are produced in psychological aspects of university students, after an intervention based on physical activity (PA) with aerobic and cardiovascular capacity activities, physical fitness activities and meditation activities through yoga, inner gymnastics and mindfulness. The sample will consist of 136 college students in the fourth year of primary education degree, between 21 and 25 years. This work presents a quasi-experimental design with a control group and an experimental group, employing repeated measures pretest and posttest. The intervention period will last 12 weeks, over 3 months, with a weekly session of 40 minutes. Validated questionnaires on PA (IPAQ-SF), SM (DASS-21), self-esteem (Rosenberg Scale), mood (POMS), personality factors (BFI-44) and resilience (CD-RISC) and a satisfaction questionnaire were administered. It is hoped that these results can have a significant impact on higher education and serve as a starting point to ensure the holistic health and well-being of university students.
Keywords: university students, intervention, mental health, physical activity, higher education.
Citas
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