El calentamiento combinado ejerce un efecto ergogénico sobre la velocidad de los nadadores velocis-tas: una revisión sistemática con metaanálisis (Combined warmup exerts an ergogenic effect on the speed of sprint swimmers: A systematic review with meta-analysis)

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.102536

Palabras clave:

Ejercicio de calentamiento; Fenómenos fisiológicos musculoesqueléticos y neurales; natación; desempeño atlético.

Resumen

Este estudio revisa y analiza estudios que midieron el efecto del calentamiento combinado de fuerza/potencia (COMB) versus el tradicional (TRAD) en la mejora del rendimiento post-activación (PAPE) de los nadadores. Para ello se realizó una revisión sistemática con metaanálisis basado en descriptores relacionados con PAPE en natación. Se identificaron un total de 138 artículos, de los cuales se seleccionaron 15. Se realizaron comparaciones entre la condición COMB y el calentamiento TRAD para el siguiente conjunto de variables: a) potencia en eventos de 50 y 100 metros, b) rendimiento inicial, c) tiempo de prueba de 50 y 100 metros, y d) velocidad instantánea en pruebas de 50 metros. Los datos extraídos de los estudios mostraron una homogeneidad aceptable (I²=0,000). Cuando observamos los intervalos de confianza, se verificó que no hubo diferencias entre la condición COMB y el TRAD para potencia en las pruebas de 50 y 100 m (Hedges g'=-0,12; IC95%=-0,376; 0,136; p=0,357); tiempo en carreras de 50 y 100 metros (Hedges g'=-0,139; IC95%=-0,314; 0,036; p=0,118); desempeño inicial (Hedges g'=-0.313; IC95%=-0.643; 0.018; p=0.064). La condición COMB tuvo un efecto ergogénico sobre la velocidad instantánea en la prueba de 50 m (Hedges g'=-0,282; IC95%=-0,402; -0,162; p≤0,001). En conclusión, el presente metaanálisis concluyó que la intervención COMB no ejerce un efecto ergogénico sobre el rendimiento de los nadadores para el conjunto de variables analizadas, excepto para la velocidad instantánea en pruebas de 50 m. Los estudios futuros pueden comparar otras formas de calentamiento versus TRAD.

Palabras clave: Ejercicio de calentamiento; Fenómenos fisiológicos musculoesqueléticos y neurales; natación; desempeño atlético.

Abstract. This study review and analyze studies that measured the effect of combined strength/power warmup (COMB) versus traditional (TRAD) on the post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) of swimmers. For this, we performed a systematic review was carried out with meta-analysis based on descriptors related to PAPE in swimming. A total of 138 articles were identified, of which 15 were selected. Comparisons between the COMB condition and the TRAD warm-up were performed for the following set of variables: a) power in 50- and 100-meter events, b) start performance, c) test time of 50- and 100- meters, and d) instantaneous speed in 50-meters events. The data extracted from the studies showed acceptable homogeneity (I²=0.000). When we observed the confidence intervals, it was verified that there were no differences between the COMB condition and the TRAD for power in 50 and 100 m events (Hedges g'=-0.12; 95%CI=-0.376; 0.136; p=0.357); time in 50- and 100-meter races (Hedges g'=-0.139; 95%CI=-0.314; 0.036; p=0.118); start performance (Hedges g'=-0.313; 95%CI =-0.643; 0.018; p=0.064). The COMB condition had an ergogenic effect on instantaneous speed in the 50 m event (Hedges g'=-0.282; 95%CI=-0.402; -0.162; p≤0.001). In conclusion, the present meta-analysis concluded that the COMB intervention does not exert an ergogenic effect on the performance of swimmers for the set of analyzed variables, except for instantaneous speed in 50 m events. Future studies may compare other forms of warmup versus the TRAD.

Keywords: Warm-up exercise; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena; swimming; athletic performance.

Citas

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Publicado

2024-05-01

Cómo citar

Ferraz Silva, E., Miarka, B., Carrenho Queiroz, A. C. ., Córdova, C. O. ., Aedo-Muñoz, E., Sorbazo Soto, D. A. ., & Brito, C. J. (2024). El calentamiento combinado ejerce un efecto ergogénico sobre la velocidad de los nadadores velocis-tas: una revisión sistemática con metaanálisis (Combined warmup exerts an ergogenic effect on the speed of sprint swimmers: A systematic review with meta-analysis). Retos, 54, 362–371. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.102536

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Revisiones teóricas sistemáticas y/o metaanálisis

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