La correlación de la longitud de las piernas, la altura del salto y la potencia explosiva de los músculos de las piernas frente a la capacidad de sprint (The Correlation of Leg Length, Jump Height, and Leg Muscle Explosive Power Toward Sprint Ability)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101052Palabras clave:
Leg length, Explosive Power, Jump Height, SprintResumen
El propósito del estudio fue. investigar la relación entre la capacidad de sprint en la escuela primaria y la longitud de las piernas, la altura del salto y la potencia explosiva de las piernas. El entrenamiento deportivo a partir del nivel escolar, donde los estudiantes son dirigidos y entrenados para tener una mentalidad fuerte, hábil, ágil y atlética, es muy apropiado. Un factor, específicamente la longitud de las piernas (anatomía), la altura del salto y la potencia explosiva de las piernas (fisiología) en las carreras de velocidad, afecta el rendimiento de un atleta.
Material y métodos. La investigación descriptiva cuantitativa transversal es el método utilizado en este estudio. Un total de 61 estudiantes varones de entre 10 y 12 años conformaron la muestra de la investigación. Para obtener datos se utilizan medidas de longitud de piernas, altura de salto, potencia explosiva de piernas y un sprint de 40 metros. En el análisis descriptivo de los datos se utilizó la prueba de normalidad, la prueba de correlación y la presentación en tablas. Resultados. Los resultados indicaron que la longitud promedio de las piernas fue de 83,46 ± 5,43 cm, la altura promedio del salto fue de 17,91 ± 5,52 cm, la potencia explosiva promedio de las piernas fue de 1451,61 ± 399,45 watts y la velocidad promedio fue de 8,70 ± 1,61 m/s. Si el valor r calculado es menor que el valor de la tabla r, entonces existe una correlación muy débil entre la variable de longitud de pierna y la variable de velocidad. Los resultados de la prueba de correlación entre longitud de piernas y velocidad obtuvieron r cuenta 0.137 y r tabla 0.254. Existe una correlación débil entre la variable potencia explosiva de piernas y la variable velocidad, se evidencia en los resultados de la prueba de correlación entre potencia de piernas y velocidad, que fueron r conteo -0,369 y r tabla 0,254. Existe una fuerte correlación entre la variable altura de salto y la variable velocidad, como lo demuestran los resultados de la prueba de valor de correlación entre el valor de altura de salto y el valor de velocidad, que muestran un valor de coeficiente de correlación de -0,715 y un valor sig de 0,000, que es menor que 0,05. Conclusiones. De acuerdo con los hallazgos del estudio, los estudiantes de velocidad en la escuela primaria tienen una correlación entre la longitud de las piernas, la potencia explosiva de los músculos de las piernas y la altura del salto.
Palabras clave: Longitud de pierna, Potencia explosiva, Altura de salto y Sprint
Abstract. The study purpose was to investigate the relationship between sprint ability at elementary school and leg length, jump height and leg explosive power. Sports coaching starting at the school level, where students are led and trained to have a strong, skilled, nimble, and agile mentality, athletic is very appropriate. One factor, specifically leg length (anatomy), jump height, and leg explosive power (physiology) in sprinting, affects an athlete's performance. The method Cross-sectional quantitative descriptive research is the method used in this study. A total of 61 male students between the ages of 10 and 12 made up the research sample. Measurements of leg length, jump height, leg explosive power, and a 40-meter sprint are used to obtain data. The normality test, correlation test, and table presentation were used in the descriptive data analysis. The results The results stated that the average leg length was 83.46 ± 5.43 cm, the average jump height was 17.91 ± 5.52 cm, the average explosive power of leg was 1451.61 ± 399.45 watts, and the average speed was 8.70 ± 1.61 m/s. If the calculated r value is less than the r table value, then there is a very weak correlation between the leg length variable and the speed variable. The results of the correlation test between leg length and speed obtained r count 0.137 and r table 0.254. There is a weak correlation between the leg explosive power variable and the speed variable, is evidenced by the correlation test results between leg power and speed, which were r count -0.369 and r table 0.254. There is a strong correlation between the jump height variable and the speed variable, as evidenced by the correlation value test results between the jump height value and the speed value, which show a correlation coefficient value of -0.715 and a sig value of 0.000, which is smaller than 0.05. According to the study's findings, sprint students at elementary school have a correlation between leg length, leg muscle explosive power, and jump height.
Keywords: Leg length, Explosive Power, Jump Height, and Sprint
Citas
Basuki S. Kapasitas Vital Paru-Paru , Panjang Tungkai , Kekuatan. Jurnal Vidya Karya. 2016;
O’Hagan AD, Behan S, Peers C, Belton S, O’Connor N, Issartel J. Do our movement skills impact our cognitive skills? Exploring the relationship between cognitive function and fundamental movement skills in primary school chil-dren. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 2022;25(11):871–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2022.08.001
Rimmer E, Sleivert G. Effects of a Plyometrics Intervention Program on Sprint Performance. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 2000;14(3):295–301. https://doi.org/10.1519/00124278-200008000-00009
Ross A, Leveritt M, Riek S. Neural influences on sprint running training adaptations and acute responses. Sports Medi-cine. 2001;31(6):409–25. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200131060-00002
Wan X, Li S, Best TM, Liu H, Li H, Yu B. Effects of flexibility and strength training on peak hamstring musculotendi-nous strains during sprinting. Journal of Sport and Health Science. 2021;10(2):222–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jshs.2020.08.001
Hunter JP, Marshall RN, McNair PJ. Interaction of Step Length and Step Rate during Sprint Running. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2004;36(2):261–71. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000113664.15777.53
Gleadhill S, Yuki N, Wada T, Nagahara R. Kinetic and kinematic characteristics of sprint running with a weighted vest. Journal of Biomechanics. 2021;126(July):110655. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110655
Carr C, J. McMahon J, Comfort P. Relationships between jump and sprint performance in first-class county cricket-ers. Journal of Trainology. 2015;4(1):1–5. https://doi.org/10.17338/trainology.4.1_1
McMahon TA. THE INFLUENCE OF TRACK COMPLIANCE ON RUNNING. Journal Biomechanics. 1978;4(2):85–91.
Atkinson G, Nevill A. Measures of Reliability in Sports Medicine and Science. Sports Medicine. 2000;30(5):375–81. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200030050-00005
Tashiro M, Yasuoka J, Poudel KC, Noto H, Masuo M, Jimba M. Acculturation factors and metabolic syndrome among Japanese-brazilian men in Japan: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. 2014;16(1):68–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-013-9797-5
Loturco I, Nimphius S, Kobal R, Bottino A, Zanetti V, Pereira LA, et al. Change-of direction deficit in elite young soc-cer players: The limited relationship between conventional speed and power measures and change-of-direction performance. German Journal of Exercise and Sport Research. 2018;48(2):228–34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12662-018-0502-7
Alves DL, Castro PHC, Freitas J V., De-Oliveira FR, Lima JRP, Cruz R. What variables determine sprint performance in young athletes? Science and Sports. 2021;36(3):e87–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2020.04.008
Carmelo Bosco, Pekka Luhtanen and PVK, Department. Vol. 72, American Biology Teacher. 1983. p. 444–6 A Sim-ple Method for Measurement of Mechanical Power in Jumping. https://doi.org/10.1525/abt.2010.72.7.10
Schwartz J. Length of Legs and Walking Speed [Internet]. 2019. p. 1–5. Available from: https://healthyliving.azcentral.com/length-legs-walking-speed-10071.html
Salamuddn N, Harun MT, Abadi FH. Relationship between leg length and energy expenditure during walking. Journal of Physical Education and Sport. 2014;14(4):604–8. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2014.04094
C. Bret AR. Leg Strength and Stiffness as Ability Factors in 100 m Sprint Running. Journal Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2002;
Harahap LH, Sulastio A, Riau UI, Riau U. Kontribusi daya ledak otot tungkai terhadap kemampuan lari sprint 100 meter. 2021;1(1):30–7.
Pantoja PD, Saez De Villarreal E, Brisswalter J, Peyré-Tartaruga LA, Morin JB. Sprint Acceleration Mechanics in Mas-ters Athletes. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 2016;48(12):2469–74. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000001039
Palison J. Explosive Power Leg Muscle Corelation With Running Speed 60 Meters Students Class Vii of Smpn 3 Dis-trict of Singingi. Jurnal Pendidikan Olahraga. 2016;
Hikmah N. Kontribusi Reaksi, Power Tungkai dan Panjang Tungkai Terhadap Kecepatan Lari 40 Meter. Jurnal Fakul-tas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. 2013;
Nasrulloh A, Deviana P, Yuniana R, Pratama KW. THE EFFECT of SQUAT TRAINING and LEG LENGTH in IN-CREASING the LEG POWER of VOLLEYBALL EXTRACURRICULAR PARTICIPANTS. Physical Education Theory and Methodology. 2021;21(3):244–52. https://doi.org/10.17309/TMFV.2021.3.08
Iswan. Analisis Daya Ledak Tungkai Dan Kecepatan Lari 30 Meter Terhadap Kemampuan Lompat Jauh Pada Siswa Smp Negeri 5 Biromaru. E-Journal Tadulako Physical Education, Health And Recreation,. 2014;2(6):1–14.
Young W, Cormack S, Crichton M. Which jump variables should be used to assess explosive leg muscle function? International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 2011;6(1):51–7. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.6.1.51
Manson SA, Low C, Legg H, Patterson SD, Meylan C. Vertical Force-velocity Profiling and Relationship to Sprinting in Elite Female Soccer Players. International Journal of Sports Medicine. 2021;42(10):911–6. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1345-8917
Köklü Y, Alemdaroğlu U, Özkan A, Koz M, Ersöz G. The relationship between sprint ability, agility and vertical jump performance in young soccer players. Science and Sports. 2015;30(1):e1–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2013.04.006
Meyers RW. LOWER-LIMB STIFFNESS AND MAXIMAL SPRINT SPEED IN 11–16-YEAR-OLD BOYS. National Strength and Conditioning Association. 2019;33(7):1987–95.
Leite Portella D, Arruda M, Gómez-Campos R, Checkin Portella G, Andruske CL, Cossio-Bolaños MA. Physical Growth and Biological Maturation of Children and Adolescents: Proposed Reference Curves. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism. 2017;70(4):329–37. https://doi.org/10.1159/000475998
Mendez-Villanueva A, Buchheit M, Kuitunen S, Douglas A, Peltola E, Bourdon P. Age-related differences in accelera-tion, maximum running speed, and repeated-sprint performance in young soccer players. Journal of Sports Scienc-es. 2011;29(5):477–484. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2010.536248
Kozinc Ž, Smajla D, Šarabon N (2021) The relationship between lower limb maximal and explosive strength and change of direction ability: Comparison of basketball and tennis players, and long-distance runners. PLOS ONE 16(8): e0256347. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256347
Pamuk, Ö., Makaracı, Y., Ceylan, L., Küçük, H., Kızılet, T., Ceylan, T., & Kaya, E. (2023). Associations between Force-Time Related Single-Leg Counter Movement Jump Variables, Agility, and Linear Sprint in Competitive Youth Male Basketball Players. Children, 10(3), 427. https://doi.org/10.3390/children10030427
Alpaslan Kartal (2020). The relationships between dynamic balance and sprint, flexibility, strength, jump in junior soccer players. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 24 (6), 285-289. doi: 10.15561/26649837.2020.0602
Diker, G., Struzik, A., Ön, S., & Zileli, R. (2022). The Relationship between the Hamstring-to-Quadriceps Ratio and Jumping and Sprinting Abilities of Young Male Soccer Players. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(12), 7471. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127471
Diker, G., Struzik, A., Ön, S., & Zileli, R. (2022). The Relationship between the Hamstring-to-Quadriceps Ratio and Jumping and Sprinting Abilities of Young Male Soccer Players. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(12), 7471. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127471
Kabacinski, J., Szozda, P. M., Mackala, K., Murawa, M., Rzepnicka, A., Szewczyk, P., & Dworak, L. B. (2022). Relationship between Isokinetic Knee Strength and Speed, Agility, and Explosive Power in Elite Soccer Players. In-ternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(2), 671. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020671
Bragazzi, N. L., Rouissi, M., Hermassi, S., & Chamari, K. (2020). Resistance Training and Handball Players’ Isokinet-ic, Isometric and Maximal Strength, Muscle Power and Throwing Ball Velocity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(8), 2663. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17082663
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2023 Retos
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Los autores que publican en esta revista están de acuerdo con los siguientes términos:
- Los autores conservan los derechos de autor y garantizan a la revista el derecho de ser la primera publicación de su obra, el cuál estará simultáneamente sujeto a la licencia de reconocimiento de Creative Commons que permite a terceros compartir la obra siempre que se indique su autor y su primera publicación esta revista.
- Los autores pueden establecer por separado acuerdos adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión de la obra publicada en la revista (por ejemplo, situarlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro), con un reconocimiento de su publicación inicial en esta revista.
- Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir sus trabajos electrónicamente (por ejemplo, en repositorios institucionales o en su propio sitio web) antes y durante el proceso de envío, ya que puede dar lugar a intercambios productivos, así como a una citación más temprana y mayor de los trabajos publicados (Véase The Effect of Open Access) (en inglés).
Esta revista sigue la "open access policy" de BOAI (1), apoyando los derechos de los usuarios a "leer, descargar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, buscar o enlazar los textos completos de los artículos".
(1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess
