Uma Intervenção Com Base Familiar Eficiente para a Prevenção de Problemas de Saúde em Crianças com Pais que Sofrem de Abuso de Álcool e Estupefacientes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7179/PSRI_2013.21.05Palavras-chave:
intervenções na família, prevenção de drogas, filhos de viciados.Resumo
Há uma grande necessidade de disseminar, em larga escala, de programas eficazes que se concentram em habilita desde treinamento para evitar múltiples problemas familiares de desenvolvimento em crianças e o uso de substâncias que causam dependência entre crianças de alto risco. Análises independentes concluíram que o Programa de Fortalecimento das Famílias (SFP), desenvolvido pelo autor, é o mais eficaz na prevenção do abuso de substâncias. Adaptações culturais resultaram em bons resultados de SFP em muitos países, incluindo a Espanha (como é detalhado por um artigo da Dra. Camen Orte). Este artigo revisa 30 anos de história da implementação e resultados da SFP em culturas diferentes, com adaptações culturais. MÉTODOS: Relatamos o Modelo Social Ecológico, que foi testado com SEM (modelo de equações estruturais) (Kumpfer, Alvarado e Whiteside, 2003), e torna-se claro que há certos fatores familiares (união, monitoramento e relatórios) que são mais importantes na proteção da substância. Por tanto, essa teoria causal serviu como teoria etiológica por trás do projeto de SFP 14 sessões. A teoria cognitiva comportamental social (Bandura, 1989) é a teoria da intervenção. O Programa de Fortalecimento das Famílias (SFP) (Kumpfer e DeMarsh, 1985) foi o primeiro programa de treinamento de famílias que foi desenvolvido com um ensaio clínico randomizado controlado (RCT) foi encontrado para ser eficaz na melhoria dos resultados para as crianças de pais que abusam de drogas. Muitos países tentaram programar o SFP, por tanto,eles tiveram que desenvolver sistemas de treinamento de pessoal qualificado e um processo de adaptação cultural. RESULTADOS: Depois de oito ensaios clínicos randomizados (ECR), quatro deles realizados por equipas de investigação independente, e depois de centenas de estudos quase-experimentais com follow-up de 10 anos, tem si domostrado que o SFP é eficaz na redução do consumo de substâncias viciantes entre os adolescentes. Revisões da meta-análise da Cochrane Collaboration na Universidade de Oxford concluiu que o programa SFP foi mais eficaz na prevenção de drogas e álcool (Foxcroft et al., 2003).Uma análise de custo-benefício por Miller e Hendrie (2008) concluiu que a SFP tinha os maiores percentuais de eficácia na prevenção de consumo de álcool e drogas entre os jovens. A adaptação cultural é um elemento obrigatório da fidelidade do SFP. Em cinco estudos mostraram que a melhoria do recrutamento e retenção é de 40 por cento. CONCLUSÃO: OSFP está se espalhando ao redor do mundo pelo Escritório das Nações Unidas sobre Drogas e Crime e por 27 governos. Este artigo descreve o conteúdo e a pesquisado Programa de Fortalecimento das famílias em vários países, incluindo a Espanha. Além disso, é feitar referência ao futuro de uma nova versão do SFP 8-16, que está disponível para PC e DVD para as famílias para ver em casa.Downloads
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