Experiência profissional e formação académica dos profissionais de exercício físico: relação das pressões no trabalho com as necessidades psicológicas básicas no contexto laboral
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.95899Palavras-chave:
teoria da auto determinação, pressões no trabalho, identidade profissional, motivação, fitnessResumo
A importância do setor fitness na oferta de oportunidades para a promoção do exercício está alicerçada em profissionais qualificados, competentes e responsáveis pela dinâmica de prescrição e motivação do exercício. Com base na teoria da autodeterminação, este estudo examinou a interação entre as pressões percecionadas no trabalho e a motivação em profissionais de fitness. Os dados foram coletados de 366 profissionais do exercício (172 mulheres), usando um desenho transversal. Questionários avaliando a Perceção da Pressão de Trabalho (PJP) (organizacional; interno e clientes) e a Satisfação das Necessidades Psicológicas Básicas (BPNS) foram preenchidos online. A análise correlacional e de regressão foi usada para testar o modelo hipotético. Os resultados demonstram não haver associação entre qualificação profissional e níveis de pressão na BPNS. No entanto, é importante destacar que os níveis de pressão organizacionais estiveram negativamente associados à satisfação do total da BPNS (autonomia, competência e relacionamento positivo). Mais anos de experiência foram associados a menores valores de pressão e maior satisfação da competência. Em relação ao gênero, pressões e sua relação na BPNS, os homens apresentam uma maior satisfação das BPNS. As pressões organizacionais apresentam associações negativas com a satisfação das BPNS nos profissionais. Os resultados têm implicações teóricas e práticas: os líderes devem estar cientes do impacto negativo da pressão organizacional e a associação negativa com a satisfação das BPNS. O desenvolvimento de equipas com profissionais mais jovens e experientes, com reconhecimento e remuneração adequados, deve ser implementado como uma estratégia inclusiva, transmitindo segurança e confiança no futuro do setor fitness.
Palavras-chave: motivação do instrutor de fitness; teoria da autodeterminação; pressões de trabalho; identidade profissional.
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