Impacto de intervenções para a autogestão da saúde nos mediadores e outcomes psicológicos de jovens com obesidade – revisão sistemática da literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.107218Palavras-chave:
Autogestão de Saúde, Mediadores Psicológicos, Resultados Psicológicos, Qualidade de vida, Autoestima, Obesidade Infantil, Imagem CorporalResumo
Introdução: A obesidade infantil é um problema de saúde pública global com cerca de 29% das crianças, entre sete e nove anos, a viverem com excesso de peso. As doenças crónicas, como a obesidade e as perturbações mentais, são cada vez mais prevalentes nas crianças e nos jovens adolescentes. O objetivo desta revisão é identificar, descrever e verificar o impacto de intervenções para a autogestão de saúde nos mediadores e outcomes psicológicos de jovens com obesidade. Métodos: A pesquisa foi realizada em três bases de dados: PubMed, SportDiscus e PsycInfo. A seleção dos estudos foi dividida em: avaliação do título e do resumo, revisão do texto completo e discussão de discrepâncias. Durante a fase de extração de dados, foram recolhidas várias características dos estudos. A avaliação do risco de viés dos estudos foi realizada através da ferramenta Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal (JBCA). Resultados: Os 14 estudos selecionados foram publicados entre 1994 e 2022. A amostra total dos estudos incluiu 3236 participantes, com idades entre oito e 19 anos. Vários parâmetros de saúde mental foram avaliados nos estudos, com 10 variáveis diferentes. As variáveis mais relevantes incluem a qualidade de vida, a satisfação com a imagem corporal, a motivação intrínseca e a autoestima. Conclusões: As intervenções para a autogestão da saúde podem ter um impacto positivo em vários mediadores e outcomes psicológicos em jovens com obesidade. Os resultados devem ser interpretados com cautela, face ao elevado número de estudos com risco de viés moderado e elevado.
Palavras-chave: Intervenções, Autogestão de saúde; Variáveis psicológicas; Obesidade infantil, Adolescentes.
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