El desarrollo de cualidades profesionales importantes como resultado de diversas actividades: Aprendizaje, deporte y mercado laboral (The development of professionally important qualities as a result of various activities: Learning, sport, and labour mark

Autores/as

  • Daniil Shmatkov
  • Bielikova Nadiia
  • Brytan Yurii
  • María Sánchez Zafra Universidad de Jaén

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v43i0.87830

Palabras clave:

aprendizaje, deporte, mercado laboral, cualidades, competencias, learning, sport, labour market, qualities, soft skills

Resumen

El propósito de este artículo es definir la evolución de las opiniones sobre la formación de las cualidades más demandadas (soft skills) en el mercado laboral ucraniano y las posibilidades de su formación a través del deporte a partir de las opiniones de los principales agentes del mercado. La base del estudio es una encuesta realizada a profesionales (104 encuestados), estudiantes (314 encuestados) y escolares (326 encuestados). La coherencia de las respuestas de los encuestados se comprobó mediante el coeficiente de correlación de rangos de Spearman y el coeficiente de correlación de rangos de Kendall. En los métodos de estudio se utilizaron los análisis de correlación, de factores y de conglomerados. El análisis factorial permitió formar las cualidades obtenidas en dos factores (de importancia primaria y secundaria). Mediante el análisis de conglomerados, todas las cualidades identificadas por los encuestados se dividieron en tres grupos uniformes. También se comprobó que los clusters son los que más se diferencian en cuanto a las cualidades nombradas por los escolares, y los clusters que más se acercan en cuanto a las cualidades fueron destacados por los empresarios. El estudio se ha realizado en el marco de los nuevos enfoques de búsqueda de las tendencias y elementos clave de la competencia en los mercados de trabajo, y complementa el trabajo (Cachón-Zagalaz, et al., 2020) al incluir los aspectos en el análisis de los escolares y destacar los aspectos distintivos que intervienen en su percepción de las cualidades demandadas. Se ha comprobado la singularidad de las cualidades destacadas por los alumnos que hacen deporte y la importancia de las mismas en la formación de competencias profesionales.

Abstract. The purpose of this article is to define evolution of opinions about the formation of the in-demand qualities (soft skills) in the Ukrainian labour market and the possibilities of their formation through sports based on the opinions of key participants in the market. The basis of the study is a survey of professionals (104 respondents), students (314 respondents), and schoolchildren (326 respondents). The coherence of the respondents' answers was checked by the Spearman rank correlation coefficient and Kendall rank correlation coefficient. The correlation, factor, and cluster analyses were used in the study methods. Factor analysis allowed us to form obtained qualities into two factors (of primary and secondary importance). Using cluster analysis, all the qualities that were identified by the respondents were divided into three uniform groups. It was also proved that the clusters differ most in terms of the qualities that were named by schoolchildren, and the clusters which are the closest in terms of the qualities were highlighted by the employers. The study was conducted within the framework of new approaches to searching the tendencies and key elements of competition on the labour markets, and it complements the work (Cachón-Zagalaz et al., 2020) by including the aspects into the analysis of schoolchildren and highlighting the distinguishing aspects that are involved in their perception of in-demand qualities. The uniqueness of the qualities that were highlighted by the students who do sport and the importance of these qualities in the formation of professional competencies have been proved. 

Citas

Alston, P. (2015). Special rapporteur on extreme poverty and human rights. A/HRC/29/31. Retrieved from http://www.ohchr. org/EN/Issues/Poverty/Pages/AnnualReports. aspx.

Barak, M. E. M. (2016). Managing diversity: Toward a globally inclusive workplace. Sage Publications.

Bas, M. (2016). The evaluation of the university students patriotism levels according to gender, age, family structure and sports activities. European Journal of Education Studies 2(2), 34-43.

Bailey, R. (2018) Sport, physical education and educational worth. Educational Review, 70(1), 51-66. DOI: 10.1080/00131911.2018.1403208.

Baker, C., Loughren, E. A., Dickson, T., Goudas, M., Crone, D., Kudlacek, M., ... & Tassell, R. (2017). Sports graduate capabilities and competencies: a comparison of graduate and employer perceptions in six EU countries. European Journal for Sport and Society, 14(2), 95-116. https://doi.org/10.1080/16138171.2017.1318105.

Cachón-Zagalaz, J., Sánchez-Zafra, M., Lara-Sánchez, A., Zagalaz-Sánchez, M. L., & Shmatkov, D. (2020). Study on the relationship between physical activity and the development of professional competence: Findings from a study in Ukraine. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 15(3), 591-607. doi:https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2020.153.10

Cripe, E. J., & Manfield, R. (2012). Competency development guide. Fort Lauderdale, FL: Workitect.

de Reuver, R., & van Woerkom, M. (2010). Can conflict management be an antidote to subordinate absenteeism?. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 25(5), 479-494. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683941011048382

del Campo, D. G. D., García-López, L. M., Pastor-Vicedo, J. C., Romo-Pérez, V., & Eirín-Nemiña, R. (2017). Percepción del profesorado sobre la contribución, dificultades e importancia de la Educación Física en el enfoque por competencias. Retos, 31, 34-39.

Dewenter, R. & Giessing, L. (2015). The Effects of Elite Sports Participation on Later Job Success. DICE Discussion Paper, 172.

Erkut, S., Pappano, L., & Tracy, A. J. (2014). Does Playing a Varsity Sport Have Employment Advantages? An Audit Study of Leadership, Sex, and Race. In 122nd American Psychological Association Annual Convention, Washington, DC, August 7–10.

Froy, F., Giguère, S., & Meghnagi, M. (2012). Skills for Competitiveness: A Synthesis Report. OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Papers, No. 2012/09, OECD Publishing, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1787/5k98xwskmvr6-en.

Ghimire, N. R. & Martin, R. A. (2011). A professional competency development model: Implications for Extension educators. Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education, 18(2), 5-17. doi:10.5191/jiaee.2011.18201.

Griffiths, K., Bullough, S., Shibli, S., & Wilson, J. (2017). The impact of engagement in sport on graduate employability: implications for higher education policy and practice. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 9(3), 431-451. https://doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2017.1359648.

Grillenberger, A., Przybylla, M., & Romeike, R. (2016). Bringing CS innovations to the classroom: a process model of educational reconstruction. ISSEP 2016, 31.

Herta, C., Voigt, B., Baumann, P., Strohmenger, K., Jansen, C., Fischer, O., Zhang, G., & Hufnagel, P. (2019). Deep Teaching: Materials for Teaching Machine and Deep Learning. In HEAD’19. 5th International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 1153-1131. https://doi.org/10.4995/HEAD19.2019.9177.

Kankaraš, M., Montt, G., Paccagnella, M., Quintini, G., & Thorn, W. (2016). Skills Matter: Further Results from the Survey of Adult Skills. OECD Skills Studies. OECD Publishing.

Kim, T. Y., Lee, D. R., & Wong, N. Y. S. (2016). Supervisor humor and employee outcomes: The role of social distance and affective trust in supervisor. Journal of Business and Psychology, 31(1), 125-139. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-015-9406-9.

Kunter, M., Kleickmann, T., Klusmann, U., & Richter, D. (2013) The Development of Teachers’ Professional Competence. In: Kunter M., Baumert J., Blum W., Klusmann U., Krauss S., Neubrand M. (eds) Cognitive Activation in the Mathematics Classroom and Professional Competence of Teachers. Mathematics Teacher Education, 8. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5149-5_4.

Meek, R., Champion, N., & Klier, S. (2012). Fit for release: how sports-based learning can help prisoners engage in education, gain employment and desist from crime. Prisoners Education Trust.

Mulder, M. (2014) Conceptions of Professional Competence. In: Billett S., Harteis C., Gruber H. (eds) International Handbook of Research in Professional and Practice-based Learning. Springer International Handbooks of Education. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8902-8_5.

Pedron, S., Emmert-Fees, K., Laxy, M., & Schwettmann, L. (2019). The impact of diabetes on labour market participation: a systematic review of results and methods. BMC Public Health, 19(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-6324-6.

Reuters Staff (2020). Global economic recovery may take five years, World Bank chief economist says. Reuters. Retrieved from https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-worldbank/global-economic-recovery-may-take-five-years-world-bank-chief-economist-says-idUSKBN26816L?il=0.

Sasso, S., & Ritzen, J. (2019). Sectoral cognitive skills, R&D, and productivity: a cross-country cross-sector analysis. Education Economics, 27(1), 35-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/09645292.2018.1515309.

Santesmases, J. S. (2021). Estudio de la transversalidad de los contenidos en Educación Física a través de los currículos competenciales. Retos, 40, 419-429.

Sederevièiûtë-Paèiauskienë, Ž., Miškinienë, M., & Norkienë, E. (2014). Development of technological competencies: a precondition for life long learning. Pedagogika, 113(1), 123-131. doi:10.15823/p.2014.1756/.

Smith, E. & White, P. (2017), A ‘great way to get on’? The early career destinations of science, technology, engineering and mathematics graduates, Research Papers in Education, 32(2), 231-253.

Swanson, S. & Kent, A. (2017). Passion and pride in professional sports: Investigating the role of workplace emotion. Sport management review, 20(4), 352-364. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2016.10.004.

UNDP (2020). Global Knowledge Index 2020. Retrieved from https://knowledge4all.com/Reports/globalknowledgeindex2020_en.pdf.

Weinberger, C. J. (2014). The increasing complementarity between cognitive and social skills. Review of Economics and Statistics, 96(4), 849-861. https://doi.org/10.1162/REST_a_00449.

World Economic Forum. (2016). The future of jobs: Employment, skills and workforce strategy for the fourth industrial revolution. Global Challenge Insight Report.

World Economic Forum. (2020). The Future of Jobs Report 2020.

Descargas

Publicado

2022-01-06

Cómo citar

Shmatkov, D., Nadiia, B., Yurii, B., & Sánchez Zafra, M. (2022). El desarrollo de cualidades profesionales importantes como resultado de diversas actividades: Aprendizaje, deporte y mercado laboral (The development of professionally important qualities as a result of various activities: Learning, sport, and labour mark. Retos, 43, 17–26. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v43i0.87830

Número

Sección

Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas