Estilos de vida relacionados con la salud en estudiantes universitarios (Lifestyles related to health in university students)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v38i38.72871Keywords:
Estilo de Vida Saludable, Estudiantes, Servicios de Salud para Estudiantes (Healthy Lifestyle, Students, Student Health Services)Abstract
El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar los factores que explican los estilos de vida saludables de estudiantes universitarios con el fin de definir los programas de promoción de la salud en las instituciones educativas. Se diseñó un estudio descriptivo transversal en siete universidades de la región Caribe colombiana y en el marco de los Programas de Bienestar y Promoción de la salud universitarios. Participaron 2203 universitarios de los programas académicos de pregrado. Se usó el cuestionario FANTASTICO para medir los estilos de vida. Además, una encuesta para evaluar las variables sociodemográficas y académicas. En general, 9% de los estudiantes tienen un excelente estilo de vida y 46% se clasifican como bueno. Del Análisis de Regresión Multivariante se observó que las mujeres son más inactivas [OR 1,5 (IC 95% 1,1-1,9)], y tienen menor calidad del sueño [OR 1,4 (IC 95% 1,1-1,6)]. Estudiantes más jóvenes consumen tabaco [OR 1,4 (IC 95% 1,1-1,9)] no duermen bien y presentan incapacidad para manejar el estrés [OR 2,1 (IC 95% 1,5-2,9)]. Los estudiantes de estratos socioeconómicos bajos tienen mayor probabilidad de bajo consumo de frutas y verduras y elevado consumo de sal, grasas y azúcares [OR 1,7 (IC 95% 1,1-2,8)]. Los estilos de vida relacionados con la salud de los estudiantes universitarios pueden ser explicados por diversos factores sociodemográficos y académicos. Las estrategias de mejoramiento de los estilos de vida a partir de programas de promoción de la salud que implementen las universidades son un imperativo.
Abstract. The objective of the present study was to determine factors that may explain healthy lifestyles in university students, so to establish programs for health promoting lifestyles in educational institutions. A cross-sectional descriptive study was applied in seven universities from Colombia’s Caribbean coast within the framework of the Programs for wellness and health promoting lifestyles for university students. A total of 2203 university students from undergraduate academic programs at each university took part in the study. The FANTASTIC questionnaire was used to measure lifestyles. In addition, a survey to evaluate sociodemographic and academic variables was filled. A percentage of 9% of the students have excellent lifestyle, and 46% were assessed as good. Based on the Multivariate regression approach, we observed that women are more inactive [OR 1,5 (IC 95% 1,1-1,9)] and they have also low quality of sleep [OR 1,4 (IC 95% 1,1-1,6)]. Younger students consume tobacco [OR 1,4 (IC 95% 1,1-1,9)] they do not sleep well and show inability to manage stress [OR 2,1 (IC 95% 1,5-2,9)]. Students from the lowest socio-economic stratum have more probability of lower consumption of fruits and vegetables but higher consumption of salt, fat, and sugar [OR 1,7 (IC 95% 1,1-2,8)]. Lifestyles related to health in university students might be explained by socio-demographic and academic factors. Improvement strategies for lifestyles based on programs for health promotion in universities are imperative.
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