Fiabilidad y viabilidad de un cuestionario autorreportado sobre el modo, tiempo y distancia de desplazamiento en niños y adolescentes (Reliability and feasibility of a self-reported questionnaire on the mode, time and distance of commuting in children an
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v37i37.72043Keywords:
transporte activo, escolares, actividad física, fiabilidad (active transport, students, physical activity, reliability)Abstract
El desplazamiento activo al colegio es una oportunidad para incrementar los niveles de actividad física en niños y adolescentes. Sin embargo, la prevalencia de este comportamiento, ha descendido en la última década en la mayoría de países. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo estudiar la fiabilidad y viabilidad de un cuestionario sobre el modo de desplazamiento al/desde el centro educativo en niños y adolescentes. Se estudió la fiabilidad a través del Coeficiente de Kappa, Kappa Ponderado y Coeficiente de Correlación Intraclase (CCI) y su respectivo intervalo de confianza (IC). La muestra estuvo compuesta por 220 escolares de 9 a 18 años (72 niños/as y 148 adolescentes), pertenecientes a la región de Valparaíso en Chile. Se utilizaron 6 preguntas para determinar el desplazamiento al/desde el centro educativo. Se analizó el modo de desplazamiento habitual de ida y de vuelta, los viajes de ida y de vuelta semanales, la distancia y el tiempo de desplazamiento al centro educativo. Los resultados demuestran una alta fiabilidad de las preguntas relacionadas con el modo de desplazamiento habitual tanto para la ida (Kappa=0,91), como para la vuelta (Kappa=0,85), así como para la distancia (Kappa=0,79) y el tiempo del desplazamiento (Kappa=0,74). Los viajes de ida y vuelta semanales presentan un CCI muy bueno (de 0,79 a 0,98). Este cuestionario, es un instrumento viable y presenta una fiabilidad de buena a muy buena para evaluar tal comportamiento en niños y adolescentes.
Abstract. Active commuting to school is an opportunity to increase physical activity levels in children and adolescents. However, the prevalence of this behavior continues to decline in the last decade in most countries. This research aims to study the reliability and feasibility of a questionnaire of commuting to/from school in children and adolescents. The study of reliability through the Kappa Coefficient, Weighted Kappa and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and its respective confidence interval (CI). The sample consisted of 220 students aged 9-18 years (72 children and 148 adolescents), from the Valparaíso region of Chile. Six questions were used to determine the behavior of commuting to/from school); the habitual mode of commuting to school; the habitual mode of commuting from school, weekly round trips, distance and time of commuting to school. The results showed a high reliability of the questions related to the habitual mode of commuting to/from school [(Kappa = 0, 91 and (0, 85, respectively)], as well as for distance (Kappa = 0,79) and time of commuting (Kappa = 0,74). The weekly round trips have a very good Intraclass Correlate Coefficient (ranging from 0,79 to 0,98). This version of the commuting to/from school questionnaire is a feasibility instrument and shows a high reliability to assess such behavior in children and adolescents.
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