Niveles de resiliencia en base a modalidad, nivel y lesiones deportivas (Levels of resilience based on sport discipline, competitive level and sport injuries)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i29.41314Keywords:
Resiliencia, Lesiones, Nivel Competitivo, Fútbol, Balonmano, Deportes de Invierno (Resilience, injuries, competitive, football, handball, winter sports)Abstract
La resiliencia se define como la capacidad de sobreponerse ante las situaciones adversas. En el ámbito deportivo, la gravedad de una lesión puede causar grandes problemas tanto a nivel individual como colectivo, pero la capacidad de afrontar y adaptarse a la lesión depende en cierto modo la capacidad de resiliencia. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las relaciones existentes entre la resiliencia y las lesiones deportivas en base al nivel competitivo. Para ello se analizaron a 43 deportistas practicantes de fútbol, balonmano y deportes de invierno (Esquí y Snowboard), mediante el cuestionario CD-RISC de resiliencia y una hoja de autoregistro de lesiones y nivel competitivo. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y relacional en el que los resultados depararon que tanto los deportistas que habían sufrido lesiones durante las últimas tres temporadas como los que habían competido en niveles más elevados tenían una capacidad de resiliencia mayor. Ante estos datos, podríamos concluir que el nivel competitivo afecta de una manera directa a la capacidad de afrontar lesiones y que los deportistas que han padecido más lesiones, están habituados a afrontarlas. Sin embargo, debido a las escasas diferencias encontradas, queda patente que la capacidad de resiliencia depende de factores individuales.
Abstract. Resilience is defined as the ability to overcome adverse situations. In sport, the severity of an injury can cause individual and collective problems, but the ability to cope with the injury depends on the ability of resilience. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationships between resilience and sports injuries as a function of the competitive level. For this research, data from 43 athletes practicing football, handball and winter sports (ski and snowboard) were analyzed, using the CD-RISC questionnaire and a checklist of injuries and competitive level. A descriptive and relational analysis was carried out. The results show that athletes who had been injured during the last three seasons and those who had competed at higher levels had a greater capacity for resilience. Given these data, we could conclude that competitive level directly affects the ability to cope with injuries and that athletes who have suffered more injuries, are used to deal with them. However, due to the few differences found, it is clear that resilience depends on individual factors.
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