Perceptual assessment of physical and psychological performance depending on the type of training performed and the phases of the menstrual cycle in female athletes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101374Keywords:
Palabras clave: fuerza, capacidad aeróbica, capacidad anaeróbica, suelo pélvico, entrenamiento, ciclo menstrual, cuestionario Keywords: strength, aerobic capacity, anaerobic capacity, pelvic floor, training, menstrual cycle, questionnaire.Abstract
The phase of the menstrual cycle and the type of training carried out where the athlete is located can affect the perception of performance in capacities such as strength, aerobic and anaerobic capacity, as well as psychological perception both in training and in competition, being These are our study objectives. Three hundred and fifty-seven female athletes, both high-performance (n= 70) and amateur athletes (n= 287), voluntarily and anonymously answered a questionnaire of 166 questions related to different topics about women, both health and performance. The phase of the menstruation cycle had a significant effect on the perception of strength impairment (p<.001), aerobic capacity (p<.001) and anaerobic capacity (p<.001), being the phase menstruation the most affected and the pre-ovulation phase the least. Women who trained strength and anaerobic capacity showed a better perception of physical and psychological performance in all phases of the menstrual cycle. Thus, strength training improved the perception of strength, anaerobic and psychological capacity in a non-significant way, but the aerobic capacity in the menstruation phase significantly (p=.034). Anaerobic capacity training improved the perception of strength, anaerobic, aerobic and psychological capacity in a non-significant way. Aerobic capacity training showed a worse perception of psychological (non-significant) and physical performance in all phases of the menstrual cycle, but especially in the menstruation phase both in strength (p < .001), aerobic capacity (p <.001) and anaerobic capacity (p<.001). Pelvic floor training produced a worse perception of physical and psychological performance in all phases, but especially strength, aerobic and anaerobic performance in the pre-ovulation (p<.05), ovulation (p<.05) and between ovulation and pre-menstruation (p<.05) and psychological in training (p<.05). These data can be of great information to adjust the athlete's training depending on the menstruation phase and the type of training.
Keywords: strength, aerobic capacity, anaerobic capacity, pelvic floor, training, menstrual cycle, questionnaire
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