Actividad física, ejercicio y condición física durante la gestación y la situación actual de Chile: una revisión narrativa (Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness during pregnancy and the current situation in Chile; a narrative review)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v48.96864Palabras clave:
Actividad física, gestación, condición físicaResumen
La actividad física y ejercicio físico durante la gestación entregan beneficios tanto para la madre, al disminuir el riesgo de desarrollar condiciones como preeclampsia y diabetes gestacional, como para el feto, disminuyendo condiciones como la macrosomía y morbilidad respiratoria llevando a mejorar el resultado perinatal. Del mismo modo, una mejor condición física se asocia a resultados perinatales favorables. A nivel mundial, existen una serie de recomendaciones sobre los niveles de actividad física necesarios para obtener estos beneficios. La mayoría coincide en que se deben alcanzar al menos 150 minutos de actividad física moderada a la semana. A pesar de esto, la actividad física, el ejercicio y la condición física durante la gestación han sido poco explorados en Chile, existiendo una brecha en el conocimiento respecto a este tema. El objetivo de esta revisión es recopilar la evidencia disponible en Chile sobre actividad física, ejercicio y condición física durante la gestación, identificando las principales brechas de conocimiento respecto a este tema.
Palabras clave: Actividad física, gestación, condición física.
Abstract. Physical activity and exercise during pregnancy are beneficial for the mother, reducing the risk of developing conditions such as preeclampsia and gestational diabetes, as well as for the fetus by decreasing complications such as fetal macrosomia and respiratory outcomes, leading to an improved perinatal outcome. In the same way, a better physical fitness is associated to better perinatal outcomes. Worldwide, there are several recommendations regarding the appropriate physical activity levels necessary to obtain these benefits. Most agree that at least 150 minutes of moderate physical activity per week should be achieved. Despite this, physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness during pregnancy have been poorly explored in Chile, and thus there is a gap in knowledge on this subject. This review aims to compile the evidence available in Chile on physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness during pregnancy, identifying the main knowledge gaps on this topic.
Keywords: Physical activity, pregnancy, fitness.
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- Los autores conservan los derechos de autor y garantizan a la revista el derecho de ser la primera publicación de su obra, el cuál estará simultáneamente sujeto a la licencia de reconocimiento de Creative Commons que permite a terceros compartir la obra siempre que se indique su autor y su primera publicación esta revista.
- Los autores pueden establecer por separado acuerdos adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión de la obra publicada en la revista (por ejemplo, situarlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro), con un reconocimiento de su publicación inicial en esta revista.
- Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir sus trabajos electrónicamente (por ejemplo, en repositorios institucionales o en su propio sitio web) antes y durante el proceso de envío, ya que puede dar lugar a intercambios productivos, así como a una citación más temprana y mayor de los trabajos publicados (Véase The Effect of Open Access) (en inglés).
Esta revista sigue la "open access policy" de BOAI (1), apoyando los derechos de los usuarios a "leer, descargar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, buscar o enlazar los textos completos de los artículos".
(1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess
