Aplicación de estrategias en intervención para el manejo de la conducta en el trastorno del espectro autista en infancia y adolescencia. una revisión sistemática (Application of intervention strategies for behavior management in autism spectrum disorder in childhood and adolescence. a systematic review)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.95211Palabras clave:
InglesResumen
Introducción y objetivos: el trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo, que presenta síntomas como deterioro temprano de la interacción y la comunicación social, así como conducta sensorial y motora repetitiva y restringida. Este estudio tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión sistemática sobre la aplicación de estrategias de intervención para el manejo de la conducta en el trastorno del espectro autista en la infancia y la adolescencia. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorizados realizados entre enero de 2016 y junio de 2021 en PubMed, Scient direct y Scopus. Las palabras clave utilizadas fueron “Psicomotricidad, trastorno, autismo, conducta, intervención”. Resultados: se encontraron 2 845 registros y, luego de un análisis más profundo, se obtuvieron 45 artículos para el análisis final, con un número de participantes (n=3 439), rango de edad: 8-17 años, diagnóstico confirmado del espectro autista. trastorno. Como resultado encontramos que el uso de recursos tecnológicos se asocia con una reducción significativa de la gravedad clínica del TEA, evaluación global del funcionamiento y manifestaciones sociales de la ansiedad. Conclusiones: los autores concluyen que existen varias estrategias utilizadas para el manejo de la conducta en el trastorno del espectro autista, el uso de herramientas tecnológicas se erige como una opción prometedora ya que son altamente beneficiosas y contribuyen a lograr los objetivos terapéuticos conductuales.
Palabras clave: psicomotricidad, trastorno, autismo, conducta, intervención.
Abstract. Introduction and objectives: autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, which exhibits symptoms such as early-onset impairment of interaction and social communication, as well as repetitive and restricted sensory and motor behavior. This study aims to carry out a systematic review regarding the application of intervention strategies for behavior management in autism spectrum disorder in childhood and adolescence. Methods: A systematic search of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials conducted between January 2016 and June 2021 found in PubMed, Scient direct y Scopus was performed. Keywords used were “Psychomotor, disorder, autism, behavior, intervention”. Results: 2 845 records were found, and, after further analysis, 45 articles were obtained for the final analysis, with a number of participants (n=3 439), age range: 8-17 years of age, confirmed diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. As a result, we found The use of technological resources is associated with a significant reduction in clinical severity of ASD, functioning global assessment, and social manifestations of anxiety. Conclusions: the authors to conclude that there are several strategies used for behavior management in autism spectrum disorder, the use of technological tools stands as a promising option as they are highly beneficial and contribute to achieve behavioral therapeutic objectives.
Keywords: Psychomotor, disorder, autism, behavior, intervention.
Citas
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