Relación entre funcionalidad motriz y factores antropométricos de riesgo cardio metabólico en bomberos de la región de Valparaíso, Chile (Relationship between motor functionality and anthropometric factors of cardio metabolic risk in firefighters of the
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v44i0.92000Palabras clave:
Funcionalidad motriz, rendimiento físico, obesidad, factores de riesgo cardiovascular, (Motor functionality, physical performance, obesity, cardiovascular risk factors)Resumen
Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue describir la funcionalidad motriz de bomberos por medio de la batería Functional Movement Screen (FMS), e identificar su relación con factores antropométricos de riesgo cardiovascular (RC). Método: Participaron un total de 139 bomberos, de los cuales 122 corresponden a hombres y 17 a mujeres pertenecientes a 16 compañías de bomberos de la comuna de Valparaíso, Chile. Se aplicó la batería de evaluación FMS y se tomaron medidas de perímetro cintura (PC), índice de masa corporal (IMC) y el índice cintura-estatura (ICE). Resultados: Para las mujeres se reportaron correlaciones bajas entre el FMS y las variables antropométricas de RC, mientras que para los hombres estas correlaciones fueron significativas y negativas entre FMS y las variables PC, ICE e IMC (r = -,37, p < ,001; r = -,34, p < ,001; –-,40, p < ,002), respectivamente. El 64,02% de los participantes en ICE se clasificó en un alto RC (≥ ,50) y en el IMC un 73% en las categorías de sobrepeso y obesidad. De acuerdo con los resultados de la evaluación FMS, el 45,33% de los participantes presentan una baja funcionalidad motriz. Conclusión: La baja funcionalidad motriz y los elevados valores en parámetros antropométricos de RC son factores que debería preocupar a comunidades como las compuestas por bomberos, quienes desarrollan labores de alta exigencia física y mental, en condiciones extremas que muchas veces pueden poner en peligro la salud de los propios voluntarios.
Abstract. Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the motor function of firefighters by using the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) battery and to identify its relationship with anthropometric factors of cardiovascular risk (CR). Methods: A total of 139 firefighters participated, of those 122 were men and 17 were women, belonging to 16 fire companies of the municipality of Valparaíso, Chile. The FMS evaluation battery was applied, and waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), and waist-height index (WHI) measurements were taken. Results: For women, low correlations were reported between FMS and CR anthropometric variables, while for men, these correlations were significant and negative between FMS and the variables of PC, ICE, and IMC (r = -,37, p < ,001; r = -,34, p < ,001; -,40, p < ,002). The 64.02 % of the participants were classified in high CR (≥,50) and by BMI index 73% were in the overweight and obese category. According to the results of the FMS assessment, 45.33% of the participants present low motor functionality. Conclusion: The low motor functionality and the high values in anthropometric parameters of CR are factors that should be of concern to communities such as those composed of firefighters, who perform physically and mentally demanding work in extreme conditions that can often endanger the health of the volunteers themselves.
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