Análisis del Stand Up Paddle. Una revisión sistemática (Analysis of Stand-up Paddle Boarding: A systematic review)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v44i0.90595Palabras clave:
SUP, Stand-up paddle boarding, fisiología, biomecánica, lesiones, educación, (SUP, Stand-up paddleboarding, fisiología, biomecánica, lesiones, educación)Resumen
El Stand Up Paddle (SUP) es una actividad física relativamente nueva, que implica remar con un remo de una sola hoja mientras se está de pie sobre una tabla similar a la del surf. Aunque su práctica ha aumentado en los últimos años, no hay mucha investigación sobre este deporte. El objetivo de esta revisión es analizar la investigación realizada hasta el momento. Se han consultado las siguientes bases de datos: PUBMED/MEDLINE, Web of Science (WOS), biblioteca Cochrane, Google Scholar y Scopus, utilizando la siguiente base de frases de búsqueda (Stand up paddle [Título / Resumen]) O (Stand-up paddle [Título /Resumen]). Se obtuvieron un total de 182 artículos y tras aplicar el método PRISMA se incluyeron un total de 36 artículos, divididos en 5 grupos: fisiología, biomecánica, lesión, educación y otros. La literatura existente muestra el gran potencial de esta actividad para la mejora de parámetros relacionados con la salud, como el sistema cardiovascular o el equilibrio, además de describir un somatotipo mesomorfo equilibrado y un buen nivel cardiovascular en palistas de élite. También se ha registrado una mayor tasa de lesiones en hombros, espalda baja y codos para los participantes de la carrera de SUP y en la parte inferior del cuerpo para el SUP surf, siendo el entrenamiento de fuerza la variable de entrenamiento con mayor relación con la prevención de lesiones. Esta revisión demuestra que el SUP es una actividad con gran potencial de aplicación en la educación, así como para la mejora de la salud.
Abstract: Stand-up paddle boarding (SUP) is a relatively new physical activity, which involves paddling with a single- blade paddle while standing on a surf-like board. Although its practice has increased in recent years, there has not been much research into this sport. The aim of this review is to analyse the research carried out so far in SUP, for which purpose the following databases have been consulted: PUBMED/MEDLINE, Web of Science (WOS), Cochrane library, Google scholar and Scopus, using the following search phrase base (Stand up paddle [Title/Abstract]) OR (Stand-up paddle [Title/Abstract]). 182 articles in total were obtained and after applying the PRISMA method, 36 articles were included, divided into 5 groups: physiology, biomechanics, injury, education and others. Existing literature shows the great potential of this activity in improving health-related parameters such as cardiovascular system or balance, as well as describing a balanced mesomorph somatotype and a good cardiovascular level in elite paddlers. On the other hand, a higher injury rate has been recorded in shoulders, lower back and elbows in SUP race participants and in the lower body in the case of SUP surfing, with strength training being the training variable that is most closely linked to injury prevention. This review demonstrates that SUP is an activity with great potential for application in education, as well as health improvement.
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