Aceleraciones de alta intensidad en el fútbol. ¿Por qué es importante el método de evaluación? (High-intensity acceleration in soccer. Why is the evaluation method important?)

Autores/as

  • Francisco Ignacio Martínez-Cabrera Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Isabel I, Burgos, Spain
  • Francisco Javier Núñez-Sánchez Department of Sports and Computing. Sport Faculty. Pablo de Olavide University, Seville, Spain
  • Alejandro Muñoz-López Department of Physical Education and Sport. University of Seville, Seville, Spain
  • Moisés de Hoyo Department of Physical Education and Sport. University of Seville, Seville, Spain

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i39.82281

Palabras clave:

aceleración; alta intensidad; fútbol -, acceleration; high intensity; soccer

Resumen

 

 

El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar las posibles diferencias entre el uso de diferentes tipos de umbrales para evaluar los esfuerzos de alta intensidad, tanto en número como en distancia recorrida en jóvenes futbolistas de élite. Un total de 26 jóvenes jugadores fueron analizados durante 18 partidos oficiales (n = 108). Los esfuerzos de alta intensidad se evaluaron utilizando un umbral relativo individualizado basado en la capacidad de acelerar a diferentes velocidades iniciales, considerando la aceleración de alta intensidad cuando fue >75% de la capacidad máxima de acelerar (>75% amax). Se utilizó también un umbral >21 km·h-1 cuando la intensidad de la aceleración fue >75% amax, y umbrales absolutos >3 m·s-2 y >4 m·s-2, contabilizando tanto el número como la distancia (metros). El análisis post hoc mostró diferencias significativas por pares entre el uso de umbrales a alta intensidad (p < .05), en número y distancia. Los resultados mostraron que el uso de umbrales absolutos podría sobreestimar (>3 m·s-2) y subestimar (>4 m·s-2 y >21 km·h-1) esfuerzos de aceleración a alta intensidad (tanto en número como en distancia) en comparación con el uso de un umbral relativo individualizado (p < .05). Por lo tanto, concluimos que el uso de umbrales de aceleración absolutos (>3 m·s-2 y >4 m·s-2) puede no ser apropiado para analizar estos esfuerzos de alta intensidad en jóvenes futbolistas. Además, los umbrales de velocidad de carrera podrían subestimar las acciones de alta intensidad desarrolladas en una distancia corta, siendo más apropiados combinarlos con un umbral relativo individual para evaluar las acciones de alta intensidad en partidos de fútbol.

Abstract. The aim of the current study was to analyze the possible differences between the use of different kinds of thresholds to assess high-intensity acceleration efforts, both in number and distance covered in young elite soccer players. A total of 26 young soccer players were analyzed during 18 competitive matches (n=108). High-intensity acceleration efforts were assessed using an individual relative threshold based on the capacity of acceleration from different initial speeds, considering high-intensity acceleration when it was >75% of the maximal acceleration (>75% amax). It was also used a threshold >21 km·h-1 when the acceleration intensity was >75% amax, and absolute thresholds of >3 m·s-2 and >4 m·s-2, both in number and distance (meters). Post hoc analysis showed pairwise significant differences between the use of high-intensity thresholds (p < .05), in number and distance. The results showed that the use of absolute thresholds could overestimate (>3 m·s-2) and underestimate (>4 m·s-2 and >21 km·h-1) high-intensity acceleration efforts (both in number and distance) in comparison with the use of an individual relative threshold (p < .05), whereas a threshold based on high-speed running could underestimate high-intensity acceleration efforts (p < .05). Therefore we conclude that the use of absolute acceleration thresholds (>3 m·s-2 and >4 m·s-2) may not be appropriate to analyze these efforts in young soccer players. In addition, speed running thresholds could underestimate high-intensity actions developed in short distance, being more appropriate to combine with an individual relative threshold to assess high-intensity action in soccer matches. 

Citas

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Publicado

2021-01-01

Cómo citar

Martínez-Cabrera, F. I., Núñez-Sánchez, F. J., Muñoz-López, A., & de Hoyo, M. (2021). Aceleraciones de alta intensidad en el fútbol. ¿Por qué es importante el método de evaluación? (High-intensity acceleration in soccer. Why is the evaluation method important?). Retos, 39, 750–754. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i39.82281

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Sección

Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas