El ciclo menstrual no afecta el desempeño físico de jóvenes eumenorreicas (Menstrual cycle does not affect physical performance in eumenorrheic youth)

Resumen

 El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar si las fases del ciclo menstrual influyen en el salto vertical y en la resistencia aeróbica. Trece estudiantes universitarias asistieron en tres ocasiones aleatorias al Laboratorio de Biociencias de la Motricidad Humana: en la fase folicular (F_Folicular), ovulatoria (E_Ovulatoria) y lútea (F_Lútea) (entre los días 7 - 9, 12 - 14 y 23 - 25 de su ciclo menstrual regular, respectivamente), todas ellas eumenorreicas, físicamente activas, aparentemente sanas y sin historial de haber ingerido hormonas (edad = 20.8 ± 1.0 años; talla = 157.8 ± 6.0 cm; peso = 59.4 ± 6.8 kg; grasa corporal = 27.5 ± 5.8 %). En cada visita realizaron una prueba de salto vertical y una de resistencia aeróbica. Mediante un test de Friedman de muestras relacionadas, no se encontraron diferencias en el salto vertical (F_Folicular = 38.1 ± 14.4 cm, E_Ovulatoria = 36.0 ± 14.2 cm, F_Lútea = 36.7 ± 14.4 cm; p = 0.075) ni en la resistencia aeróbica (F_Folicular = 783.6 ± 126.9 metros, E_Ovulatoria = 812.9 ± 179.1 metros, F_Lútea = 784.5 ± 128.8 metros; p = 0.775) entre las diferentes fases del ciclo menstrual. Los resultados demuestran que el ciclo menstrual no mejora ni empeora el desempeño físico de mujeres jóvenes eumenorreicas. 

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine if the phases of the menstrual cycle influence vertical jump and aerobic resistance. Thirteen university students attended the Laboratory of Biosciences of Human Motricity on three random occasions: follicular (F_Folicular), ovulatory (E_Ovulatoria) and luteal (F_Lútea) phase (between days 7 - 9, 12 - 14 and 23 - 25 of their regular menstrual cycle, respectively). All of them were eumenorrheic, physically active, apparently healthy, and had no history of ingesting hormones (age = 20.8 ± 1.0 years; height = 157.8 ± 6.0 cm; weight = 59.4 ± 6.8 kg; body fat = 27.5 ± 5.8%). At each visit, they performed a vertical jump test and an aerobic resistance test. Using Friedman test of repeated measures, no differences were found in vertical jump (F_Folicular = 38.1 ± 14.4 cm, E_Ovulatoria = 36.0 ± 14.2 cm, F_Lútea = 36.7 ± 14.4 cm; p = 0.075) nor in aerobic resistance (F_Folicular = 783.6 ± 126.9 meters, E_Ovulatoria = 812.9 ± 179.1 meters, F_Lútea = 784.5 ± 128.8 meters; p = 0.775) between the different phases of the menstrual cycle. The results show that menstrual cycle does not improve or worsen physical performance in eumenorrheic young women.