Comparación de la competencia motriz de niños que practican atletismo con niños que practican otros deportes (Comparison of motor competence of children that practice athletics with children that practice other sports)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.106877Palabras clave:
Atletismo, Niños, Competencia Motriz, Teste KTKResumen
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar la Competencia Motriz (CM) de niños de 10 años que practican atletismo con la de niños que practican otros deportes, determinada por el test KTK. El KTK es una prueba de coordinación motora gruesa centrada en los componentes locomotoras y postural. Se evaluaron 64 niños, 30 de sexo femenino (15 atletas: 10,4±0,23 años, 2,5±1,13 años de práctica; 15 Otros Deportes: 10,4±0,32 años, 2,8±0,92 años de práctica) y 34 varones (17 Atletismo: 10,3±0,22 años, 2,1±0,88 años de práctica; 17 Otros Deportes: 10,4±0,29 años, 3,7±0,59 años de práctica). Tras comprobar la normalidad de los datos, se utilizó el ANOVA de una vía para examinar las diferencias entre los grupos. Los resultados revelaron que los chicos que practicaban atletismo [MQ= 113,5±13,8; puntuaciones brutas (RS) = 255,1±24,1] presentaban mejores resultados para MC (p<0,001) que los que practicaban otros deportes [MQ= 94,3±17,0; RS = 199,7±23,5]. Lo mismo ocurrió con las chicas, ya que las que practican Atletismo (MQ =114,7±10,24; RS = 262,4±22,8) presentan mejores resultados de MC (p<0,001) que las que practican otros deportes (MQMC = 89,1±10,89; RS = 203,8±36,2). En el primer caso, los resultados son aún más relevantes porque hubo diferencias significativas (p<0,001) en los años de práctica favoreciendo a los chicos que practican otros deportes [3,7±0,59 vs 2,1±0,88]. Se especula que el atletismo favorece el desarrollo de MC, posiblemente debido al tipo de entrenamiento que se realiza.
Palabras clave: Atletismo; Niños; Competencia motriz; Test KTK; competencia motriz
Abstract. The present study aimed to compare the Motor Competence (MC) of 10 years-old children practicing athletics with that of children who practice other sports, as determined by the KTK test. KTK is a gross motor coordination test centered on locomotor and postural components. Sixty-four children were evaluated, 30 female (15 Athletics: 10.4±0.23 years old, 2.5±1.13 years of practice; 15 Other Sports: 10.4±0.32 years old, 2.8±0.92 years of practice) and 34 male (17 Athletics: 10.3±0.22 years old, 2.1±0.88 years of practice; 17 Other Sports: 10.4±0.29 years old, 3.7±0.59 years of practice). After checking for normality of the data, One-way ANOVA was used to examine differences between groups. The results revealed that boys who practiced athletics [MQ= 113.5±13.8; raw scores (RS) = 255.1±24.1] presented better results for MC (p<0.001) than those who practiced other sports [MQ= 94.3±17.0; RS = 199.7±23.5]. The same happened with girls, since girls who practice Athletics (MQ =114.7±10.24; RS = 262.4±22.8) present better results of MC (p<0.001) than the ones that practice other sports (MQMC = 89.1±10.89; RS = 203,8±36.2). In the former case, the results are even more relevant because there were significant differences (p<0.001) in the years of practice favoring boys that practice other sports [3.7±0.59 vs 2.1±0.88]. It is speculated that athletics favors the development of MC, possibly due to the type of training that is performed.
Keywords: Athletics; Children; Motor Competence; KTK Test; Gross Motor Coordination
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