Clases de Educación Física con diferentes duraciones y su contribución a las Recomendaciones de Actividad Física Diaria de Adolescentes en Porto, Portugal (Physical Education Classes with different durations, and their contribution to Daily Physical Activity Recommendations of Adolescents in Porto, Portugal)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.106478Palabras clave:
Acelerómetro, Actividad Física, Actividad Física Moderada a Vigorosa, Educación Física, AdolescentesResumen
Objetivo: Para muchos adolescentes, las clases de educación física (EF) proporcionan la oportunidad más relevante de participar en actividad física (AF). Aunque las evidencias sugieren niveles bajos de AF en EF, pocos estudios han centrado su investigación en la contribución de la AF realizada durante la EF a la AF diaria. Por lo tanto, el propósito de este estudio fue analizar los niveles de AF de adolescentes en Porto, Portugal durante las horas escolares diarias cuando asistían a EF (PE) con una duración de 45 minutos (PE45), EF con una duración de 90 minutos (PE90), días escolares sin EF (NEF) y días de fin de semana (FD). Métodos: Este estudio se llevó a cabo en cuatro escuelas públicas portuguesas con 441 estudiantes (253 niñas) voluntarios, con edades comprendidas entre 10 y 18 años (14,31 ± 2,70). Se evaluó la AF utilizando un acelerómetro Actigraph durante siete días consecutivos. Se utilizaron modelos lineales generales independientes y de medidas repetidas para evaluar las diferencias entre la AF según NEF, PE45, PE90 y FD. Se utilizó una regresión logística para investigar la contribución de la EF para el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones diarias de AF de los adolescentes. Resultados: PE45 contribuye, en promedio, con el 16,9% de la AF MVPA (actividad física moderada a vigorosa) diaria y PE90 representó el 32,2%. Todos los estudiantes participaron en más MVPA en PE que en NEF o FD (p<0,05). Las clases de EF se asociaron con una mayor probabilidad de cumplir con los 60 minutos recomendados de MVPA diaria (OR = 2,66, IC del 95% = 2,01-3,53). Conclusión: Este estudio sugiere que la EF aumentó los niveles de MVPA diaria y desempeñó un papel considerable en proporcionar AF para cumplir con las pautas de AF.
Palabras clave: Acelerómetro, Actividad Física; Actividad Física Moderada a Vigorosa; Educación Física; Adolescentes.
Abstract. Objective: For many adolescents, physical education classes (PE) provide the most relevant opportunity to be engaged in physical activity (PA). Although the evidence suggested low levels of PA in PE few studies have focused their investigation on the contribution of PA performed during PE to daily PA. So, the purpose of this study was to analyze PA levels of adolescents in Porto, Portugal during daily school hours when they attended PE (PED) with 45 min of duration (PED45), PE with 90 min of duration (PED90), school days without PE (NPED) and weekend days (WD). Methods: This study was conducted in four Portuguese public schools with 441 students (253 girls) volunteers, aged between 10 to 18 years (14.31 ± 2.70). PA was assessed using an Actigraph accelerometer for seven consecutive days. Independent and general linear model repeated measures were used to assess differences between PA according to NPED, PED45, PED90 and WD. A logistic regression was used to investigate the contribution of PE to the compliance of adolescents’ daily PA recommendations. Results: PED45 contributed, on average, 16.9% for the daily moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and PED90 accounted for 32.2%. All students engaged in more MVPA on PED than NPED or WD (p<0.05). PE classes were associated with higher odds to accomplished the recommended 60 min of daily MVPA (OR = 2.66, 95% CI = 2.01-3.53). Conclusion: This study suggested that PE increased the daily MVPA levels and played a considerable role in providing PA to accomplish PA guidelines.
Keywords: Accelerometer, Physical Activity; Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity; Physical Education; Adolescents.
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