Modelos de Entrenamiento Mental en Educación Física, Deportes y Materias de Salud para Voleibol en Estudiantes de Escuela Primaria (Mental Training Models in Physical Education, Sports and Health Subjects for Volleyball in Elementary School Students)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.103036Palabras clave:
Mental, Training, VolleyballResumen
La asociación entre la aptitud mental y física es crítica para los jóvenes que participan en actividades de educación física y deportes. Sin embargo, la evidencia actual muestra que las escuelas primarias necesitan un modelo de aprendizaje de entrenamiento mental y un curso de estrategias de juego para el voleibol. Por lo tanto, es necesario diseñar un modelo específico de aprendizaje de entrenamiento mental y un curso de estrategias de juego sobre el voleibol para estudiantes de escuela primaria. El objetivo del presente estudio fue producir un modelo que cumpla con criterios válidos, prácticos y efectivos para estudiantes de escuela primaria utilizando el modelo de Borg y Gall. Se utilizó observación, cuestionarios y pruebas para recopilar datos de 22 estudiantes de escuela primaria de 10 a 11 años. Se generó un modelo de aprendizaje de entrenamiento mental y un curso de estrategias de juego para cumplir con los criterios válidos, la categoría práctica y los criterios efectivos para ser aplicados al voleibol en las escuelas primarias y para impactar positivamente en la mejora de las habilidades básicas de movimiento y las técnicas básicas de los juegos de voleibol de los estudiantes. Los resultados mostraron que las habilidades básicas de movimiento de los estudiantes de escuela primaria en voleibol fueron más eficientes después de usar el modelo de entrenamiento mental y un curso de estrategias de juego que sin usarlo. Este resultado resalta la importancia de implementar la imaginería del ejercicio para lograr intervenciones en actividad física escolar más atractivas y efectivas.
Palabras clave: Juventud, Aptitud Mental, Entrenamiento Físico, Voleibol.
Abstract. The association between mental and physical fitness is critical for young people participating in physical education and sports activities. However, current evidence shows that elementary schools need a mental training learning model and a course of play strategies for volleyball material. Therefore, it is necessary to design a particular model of mental training learning and a course of play strategy on volleyball material for elementary school students. The objective of the present study was to produce a model that meets valid, practical, and effective criteria for elementary school students using the Borg and Gall model. Observation, questionnaires, and tests were used to collect data from 22 elementary school students 10–11 years old. A mental training learning model and a course of play strategies were generated to meet the valid criteria, practical category, and effective criteria to be applied to volleyball material in elementary schools and to positively impact improving basic movement abilities and basic techniques of students' volleyball games. Results showed that elementary school students' basic movement abilities in volleyball were more efficient after using the mental training model and a course of play strategy than without using it. Such an outcome highlights the importance of implementing exercise imagery to lead to more engaging and effective school-based physical activity interventions.
Keywords: Youth, Mental Fitness, Physical Training, Volleyball.
Citas
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