Tecnologías pedagógicas modernas de rehabilitación física de niños con trastornos musculoesqueléticos (Modern pedagogical technologies of physical rehabilitation of children with musculoskeletal disorders)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v52.100509Palabras clave:
remedial work, programme of remedial work, development, correction, exercises, junior schoolchildren, children with musculoskeletal disordersResumen
El principal factor de discapacidad en el mundo son las enfermedades, así como los trastornos del sistema musculoesquelético. Por tanto, el estudio de las tecnologías pedagógicas modernas de rehabilitación física de niños con trastornos musculoesqueléticos es un problema importante y urgente para las actividades de investigación modernas en el campo de la pedagogía. El objetivo es analizar y estudiar tecnologías pedagógicas modernas de rehabilitación física de niños con trastornos musculoesqueléticos. La base metodológica de la investigación se basa en una combinación de varios métodos generales de cognición científica. En este estudio se utilizaron los métodos de análisis y síntesis de información, el método comparativo, así como el método de inducción y deducción. En la etapa final del estudio se utilizó el método de análisis de la literatura científica relevante al tema. Los trastornos musculoesqueléticos se observan en el 5-7% de los niños y pueden ser congénitos o adquiridos. Las anomalías del desarrollo en niños con patología motora se caracterizan por un polimorfismo y una disociación impresionantes según la gravedad de los distintos trastornos. El apoyo integral a los niños con trastornos musculoesqueléticos tiene un carácter interdisciplinario ya que se encuentra en la intersección de la medicina, la pedagogía y la psicología especial, pedagógica y social. Para el desarrollo y establecimiento de un niño discapacitado es necesaria la participación de especialistas: un neurólogo, un logopeda, un psicólogo especial, un maestro, un educador. El valor práctico del estudio consiste en que puede utilizarse como base para investigaciones posteriores, así como para un estudio integral del problema presentado.
Palabras clave: trabajos de recuperación; programa de trabajos de recuperación; desarrollo; corrección; ejercicios; niños de primaria; niños con trastornos musculoesqueléticos.
Abstract. The main factor of disability in the world are diseases, as well as disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Thus, the study of modern pedagogical technologies of physical rehabilitation of children with musculoskeletal disorders is an important and urgent problem for modern research activities in the field of pedagogy. The purpose is to analyse and study modern pedagogical technologies of physical rehabilitation of children with musculoskeletal disorders. The methodological basis of the research is based on a combination of various general methods of scientific cognition. The methods of information analysis and synthesis, the comparative method, as well as the method of induction and deduction, were used in this study. At the final stage of the study, the method of analysing scientific literature relevant to the subject was used. Musculoskeletal disorders are noted in 5-7% of children and may be congenital or acquired. Anomalies of development in children with motor pathology are characterised by impressive polymorphism and dissociation according to the severity of various disorders. Comprehensive support for children with musculoskeletal disorders is interdisciplinary in nature since it is at the intersection of medicine, pedagogy and special, pedagogical, and social psychology. For the development and establishment of a disabled child, the involvement of specialists is necessary: a neurologist, a speech therapist, a special psychologist, a teacher, an educator. The practical value of the study consists in the fact that it can be used as a basis for subsequent research, as well as for a comprehensive study of the presented problem.
Keywords: remedial work; programme of remedial work; development; correction; exercises; junior schoolchildren; children with musculoskeletal disorders.
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