Pasado y presente de la monitorización de la respuesta funcional inmunológica desarrollada frente a Epstein-Barr y Adenovirus en el trasplante de progenitores hematopoyéticos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23938/ASSN.0121Palabras clave:
Trasplante hematopoyético. Infección vírica. Reconstitución inmune. Virus Epstein-Barr. Adenovirus.Resumen
Las infecciones víricas por Epstein-Barr (EBV) y Adenovirus (AdV) representan una causa significativa de morbi-mortalidad en pacientes sometidos a un trasplante alogénico de progenitores hematopoyéticos debido al uso de tratamientos inmunomielosupresores y al prolongado periodo de inmunodeficiencia que generan. Hasta el momento, se ha demostrado el papel protector post-trasplante de los linfocitos T CD8+ (CTLs) específicos de EBV y AdV. Sin embargo, otros factores son cada vez más importantes en la regulación de la reconstitución y actividad de CTLs específicos para estos virus, como las diferentes subpoblaciones celulares (linfocitos T CD4+, linfocitos T reguladores, células dendríticas, células Natural Killer, etc.), mecanismos moleculares de inmunoregulación y los fármacos administrados al paciente como profilaxis para una posible enfermedad de injerto contra huésped. El objetivo de esta revisión es analizar la importancia de la monitorización de la respuesta celular específica funcional frente a EBV y AdV en el manejo de los pacientes post-trasplante.
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