Las células troncales pluripotenciales en la terapia celular
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23938/ASSN.0362Palabras clave:
Células troncales. Pluripotencialidad inducida (iPS). Modelos celulares de enfermedad. Reprogramación. Terapia celular.Resumen
Las células con pluripotencialidad inducida (iPS) son un nuevo tipo de célula troncal derivada de células somáticas humanas, mediante reprogramación con factores de transcripción. Estas células iPS tienen características de las células troncales embrionarias, como la capacidad de convertirse en todos los tipos de células diferenciadas del organismo. A corto plazo, las células de pacientes reprogramadas están siendo útiles para crear modelos celulares de enfermedades, en las que estudiar los procesos patológicos y probar fármacos. A pesar de algunas críticas, se ha ido acumulando evidencia en los trabajos preclínicos, sobre la efectividad de la terapia celular con los clones de iPS apropiadamente seleccionados. La generación de células iPS ha propiciado el desarrollo de otras técnicas,como por ejemplo, la transdiferenciación por la que se convierte directamente in vivo fibroblastos cardiacos en miocitos. Este tipo celular pluripotencial es de un gran valor en la investigación biomedicina y abre nuevas posibilidades a la terapia celular.
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