Desporto Universitário em Portugal: novas perguntas e novas possibilidades (Deporte Universitario en Portugal: Nuevas preguntas y nuevas posibilidades) (University Sports in Portugal: new questions and new possibilities)

Autores

  • Fernando Santos Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo and Porto, School of Higher Education, Portugal
  • António Camilo
  • Paulo Pereira
  • António Cardoso

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v44i0.88635

Palavras-chave:

treinador; politécnico; desenvolvimento humano, organizações desportivas., (entrenador; politécnico; desarrollo humano, organizaciones deportivas), (coach; polytechnic; human development, sports organizations)

Resumo

O desporto universitário tem merecido uma particular atenção por parte de educadores e investigadores, tanto nacionalmente como internacionalmente, na medida que o desporto universitário é uma atividade que para além da sua missão desportiva (e.g., competitiva, cooperativa) tem também (deveria ter) uma missão social, axiológica e cultural. No entanto a análise empírica e investigativa parece demonstrar que o desporto universitário está muito ancorado na dimensão competitiva (i.e., práxis competitiva preocupada com o resultado, a eficácia, o rendimento), “esquecendo” as outras dimensões/missões. Neste contexto parece ser necessário aprofundar as especificidades do desporto universitário, nomeadamente os seus quadros organizativos e praxiológicos que levem a “bom porto” todas as dimensões que encerra e não apenas algumas. Face a estas constatações, este artigo tem como objetivo contribuir para a reflexão do significado, da importância e das possíveis intervenções (novas práxis) do desporto universitário, tentando apresentar, para tal, possíveis caminhos no sentido da promoção de um desporto universitário total na sua radicalidade humana. 

Resumen. El deporte universitario ha recibido especial atención por parte de educadores e investigadores tanto a nivel nacional como internacional, ya que el deporte universitario es una actividad que además de su misión deportiva (por ejemplo, competitiva, cooperativa) también tiene (debe tener) una misión social, axiológica y cultural. Sin embargo, el análisis empírico e investigativo parece demostrar que el deporte universitario está muy anclado en la dimensión competitiva (i.e., praxis competitiva preocupada por el resultado, efectividad, rendimiento), “olvidando” las otras dimensiones / misiones. En este contexto, parece necesario profundizar en las especificidades del deporte universitario, es decir, en sus marcos organizativos y praxiológicos que llevan al “buen puerto” todas las dimensiones que encierra y no solo algunas. Ante estos hallazgos, el texto que presentamos pretende contribuir a la reflexión sobre el significado, la importancia y las posibles intervenciones (nuevas praxis) del deporte universitario, tratando de presentar, para ello, posibles caminos hacia la promoción de un deporte universitario total en su radicalismo humano.

Abstract. University sport has deserved particular attention from educators and researchers, both nationally and internationally, as university sport is an activity that, in addition to its sporting mission (eg, competitive, cooperative) also has (should have) a social, axiological and cultural mission. However, empirical and investigative analysis seems to demonstrate that university sport is very much anchored in the competitive dimension (i.e., competitive praxis concerned with results, efficiency, performance), “forgetting” the other dimensions/missions. In this context, it seems to be necessary to deepen the specifics of university sport, namely its organizational and praxiological frameworks that lead to a “good port” for all the dimensions it encompasses and not just a few. Given these findings, this article aims to contribute to the reflection of the meaning, importance and possible interventions (new praxis) of university sport, trying to present, for this purpose, possible paths towards the promotion of a total university sport in its human radicality.

Referências

Arnett, J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. American Psychologist, 55(5), 469–480. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.5.469

Arnett, J. (2004). Adolescence and emerging adulthood: A cultural approach (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson.

Arnett, J. (2014). Emerging adulthood: The winding road from the late teens through the twenties. Oxford University Press.

Arzu, D., Tuzun, E., & Eker, L. (2006). Perceived barriers to physical activity in university students. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 5(4), 615-620.

Bartoll, O., & Domingo, C. (2015). El modelo español de deporte en la universidad: Fundamentación, descripción y orientaciones para su gestión ética (The Spanish model of sport at university: principles, description and guidelines for its ethical management). Retos, 26, 128-133. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i26.34414

Bento, J. (2004). Desporto: Discurso e substância. Lisboa: Campo das Letras.

Brunton, J., & Mackintosh, C. (2017). University sport and public policy: Implications for future research. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics, 9(3), 373-376. https://doi.org/10.1080/19406940.2017.1361460

Burkhardt, J. (1998). The Greeks and Greek civilization. St. Martin's.

Camiré, M., Santos, F. (2019). Promoting positive youth development and life skills in youth sport: Challenges and opportunities amidst increased professionalization. Journal of Sport Pedagogy and Research, 5(1), 27-34.

Chacón-Cuberos R., Castro-Sánchez M., Pérez-Turpin J., Olmedo-Moreno E., & Ortega, F. (2019). Levels of physical activity are associated with the motivational climate and resilience in university students of physical education from Andalucía: An explanatory model. Frontiers in Psycholology, 10, 1-11. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01821

Chen, Y., Buggy, C., & Kelly, S. (2019). Winning at all costs: a review of risk-taking behaviour and sporting injury from an occupational safety and health perspective. Sports Medicine, 5(15), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-019-0189-9

Coakley, J. (2016). Positive youth development through sport: Myths, beliefs, and realities. In Holt N. (Ed.), Positive youth development through sport (2nd ed., pp. 21- 33). New York, NY: Routledge.

Coakley, J. (2011). Youth sports: What counts as “positive development?”. Journal of sport and social issues, 35(3), 306-324. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193723511417311

Coalter, F. (2010). The politics of sport-for development: Limited focus programmes and broad gauge problems? International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 45, 295-314. https://doi.org/10.1177/1012690210366791

Corte-Real, N., Dias, C., Corredeira, R., Barreiros, A., Bastos, T., & Fonseca, A. (2008). Prática desportiva de estudantes universitários: O caso da Universidade do Porto. Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto, 8(2), 219–228.

Deal, C., & Camiré, M. (2016a). An examination of university student-athletes’ motivations to contribute. Journal of College & Character, 17(2), 116–129. https://doi.org/10.1080/2194587X.2016.1159227

Diário da República (2018). Decreto Lei nº248-B/2008. Retirado de https://dre.pt/web/guest/pesquisa/-/search/243744/details/normal?l=1

Federação Académica do Desporto Universitário (2020). Plano de Atividades e Contas 2020. Retirado de https://www.fadu.pt/institucional/estrutura/planos-relatorios/category/relatorios

Fraser-Thomas, J. L., Côté, J., & Deakin, J. (2005). Youth sport programs: an avenue to foster positive youth development. Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy, 10(1), 19–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/1740898042000334890

Harkavy I. (2006). The role of universities in advancing citizenship and social justice in the 21st century. Education, Citizenship and Social Justice, 1(1), 5-37. https://doi.org/10.1177/1746197906060711

Plano Nacional de Ética no Desporto. (2015a). Código de Ética . Retirado de http://www.pned.pt/media/31485/Code-of-Sports-Ethics.pdf

Plano Nacional de Ética no Desporto. (2015b). Ética no desporto: Recomendações para treinadores. Retirado de http://www.pned.pt/media/31476/Ethics-in-Sport-Guidelines-for-Coaches.pdf

Federação Académica de Desporto Universitário (2015). História. Retirado de https://www.fadu.pt/

Jones, C. & McNamee, M. (2000). Moral reasoning, moral action, and the moral atmosphere of sport. Sport, Education and Society, 5(2), 131–146. https://doi.org/10.1080/713696034

Keshky, M., Basyouni S., & Sabban, A. (2020) Getting Through COVID-19: The pandemic’s impact on the psychology of sustainability, quality of life, and the global economy – A systematic review. Frontiers in Psychology, 11(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.585897

Lei de Bases da Atividade Física e do Desporto (2007). Decreto Lei nº5/2007. Retirado de https://dre.pt/web/guest/legislacao-consolidada/-/lc/58896796/view?consolidacaoTag=Desporto

López, J. (2015). Reflexiones sobre el papel de la actividad física y el deporte en edad escolar en la promoción de valores. Retos, 2, 14-19. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i2.35101

Love, A., Deeb, A., & Waller, S. N. (2019). Social justice, sport and racism: A position statement. Quest, 71(2), 227–238. https://doi.org/10.1080/00336297.2019.1608268

Mac Intosh, A., Martin, E., & Ewing, M. (2020). Youth definitions of success, obstacles to success, and how significant others can help: Providing youth a voice in their own development. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 25(1), 491-504. https://doi.org/10.1080/02673843.2019.1674166

Mendell, R. (1986). História cultural del deporte. Barcelona: Ediciones Bellaterra.

Moscardini, A., Strachan, R., & Vlasova, T. (2020) The role of universities in modern society. Studies in Higher Education. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2020.1807493

Nery, M., Neto, C., Rosado, A., & Smith, P. (2019). Bullying in youth sport training: A nationwide exploratory and descriptive research in Portugal.

European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 16(4), 447-463. https://doi.org/10.1080/17405629.2018.1447459

Newman, T., Lower-Hoppe, L., Burch, M., & Paluta, L. (2021). Advancing positive youth development-focused coach education: Contextual factors of youth sport and youth sport leader perceptions. Managing Sport and Leisure, 26(4), 326-340. https://doi.org/10.1080/23750472.2020.1766760

Rádio Televisão Portuguesa (2018, 21 de abril). Violência marca a final do campeonato universitário de futebol. Retirado de https://www.rtp.pt/noticias/desporto/violencia-marca-a-final-do-campeonato-universitario-de-futebol_v1071472

Rathwell, S., & Young, B. (2016). An examination and validation of an adapted youth experience scale for university sport. Measurement in Physical Education & Exercise Science, 20(4), 208–219. https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2016.1210152

Rathwell, S., & Young, B. (2017). Describing aspects of self and social agency related to Canadian university athletes’ life skill development. PHENex, 8(3), 1-14.

Rathwell, S., & Young, B. (2018). Coaches’ perspectives on personal and psychosocial development in university sport. International Sport Coaching Journal, 5(1), 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1123/iscj.2017-0018

Record (2017, 13 de março). Vitória para a Universidade do Porto. Retirado de https://www.record.pt/modalidades/desporto-universitario/detalhe/vitoria-para-a-universidade-do-porto

Santos, F., Rathwell, S., Trindade, A., Lima, R., Gobbi, V., Gaion, P. (2021). Brazilian coaches’ role in facilitating positive development through university sport. Retos, 40(1), 186-197. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v1i40.82353

Smart, B. (2007). Not playing around: Global capitalism, modern sport and consumer culture. Global Networks, 7(2), 113-134. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0374.2007.00160.x

Universidade Católica Portuguesa (2021). Mais uma vitória da Católica Porto no desporto universitário. Retirado de https://www.udip.porto.ucp.pt/pt/central-noticias/mais-uma-vitoria-catolica-porto-no-desporto-universitario

Vasconcelos-Raposo, J. (2012). Num desporto com valores: Construir uma sociedade mais justa. Motricidade, 8(2), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.8(2).707

Vella, S, Crowe, T, & Oades, L. (2013). Increasing the effectiveness of formal coach education: evidence of a parallel process. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 8, 417–430. https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.8.2.417

Vella, S., Swann, C., & Tamminen, K. (2021). Reflections on the field of mental health in sport: Critical issues and ways of moving forward. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 33(1), 123-129, https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200.2020.1854898

Whitley, M. (2021). Using behavioral economics to promote positive youth development through sport. Journal of Sport Psychology in Action. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/21520704.2021.1883783

Downloads

Publicado

2022-04-01

Como Citar

Santos, F., Camilo, A., Pereira, P., & Cardoso, A. (2022). Desporto Universitário em Portugal: novas perguntas e novas possibilidades (Deporte Universitario en Portugal: Nuevas preguntas y nuevas posibilidades) (University Sports in Portugal: new questions and new possibilities). Retos, 44, 456–463. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v44i0.88635

Edição

Secção

Revisões teóricas sistemáticas e/ou metanálises

Artigos mais lidos do(s) mesmo(s) autor(es)