The association between sleep efficiency and physical performance in taekwondo athletes (Asociación entre la eficiencia del sueño y el rendimiento físico en atletas de taekwondo)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v37i37.69860Palavras-chave:
Actigraphy, exercise physiology, biological rhythms, athletes, combat sports (Actigrafía, fisiología del ejercicio, ritmos biológicos, atletas, deportes de combate)Resumo
Abstract. Sleep is considered as a part of the recovery process from training, and it is an integral feature in the athlete’s continuous training control and monitoring. There is still limited evidence regarding the association between sleep and athletic performance. The purpose of the study was to determine the association between sleep efficiency and physical performance in taekwondo university athletes monitored throughout a training macrocycle. Eight males and four females (age = 20.9 ± 3.3 years.) trained 13-weeks divided in ten overload and three tapering or reduction of the training load phases. During tapering, 50% of the participants reduced their training linearly by 50% from the previous overload phase. The other 50% of participants maintained the same training volume. Physical performance measures were kicking movement time, kicking response time, muscular strength, and squat-, countermovement-, drop-, and arm counter-movement jumps. Sleep efficiency was recorded by accelerometry and all dependent variables were measured before training, at the end of the first mesocycle, and twice per week during the three weeks of tapering. Group analyses showed no significant associations between sleep efficiency and physical performance. Individual analysis showed that three participant’s performance was related to sleep efficiency. The current evidence does not support the general contention that sleep efficiency is related to physical performance.
Resumen. El sueño es considerado como parte del proceso de recuperación del entrenamiento, y es una característica integral en el control y monitoreo continuo del entrenamiento del atleta. No obstante, todavía hay evidencia limitada respecto a la asociación entre el sueño y el rendimiento atlético. El propósito del estudio fue determinar la asociación entre la eficiencia del sueño y el rendimiento físico en atletas universitarios de taekwondo monitoreados a lo largo de un macrociclo de entrenamiento. Ocho hombres y cuatro mujeres (edad = 20.9 ± 3.3 años) entrenaron durante 13 semanas, de este periodo diez semanas fueron de sobrecarga y tres de puesta a punto o disminución de la carga de entrenamiento. Durante la puesta a punto, el 50% de los participantes redujo su entrenamiento de forma lineal en un 50% respecto a la fase de sobrecarga anterior. El otro 50% de los participantes mantuvo el mismo volumen de entrenamiento. Las medidas de rendimiento físico fueron el tiempo de movimiento de pateo, el tiempo de respuesta de pateo, la fuerza muscular y los saltos desde sentadilla, con contramovimiento, con caída y contramovimiento con brazos. La eficiencia del sueño se registró por acelerometría y todas las variables dependientes se midieron antes del entrenamiento, al final del primer mesociclo y dos veces por semana durante las tres semanas de puesta a punto. Los análisis de grupo no mostraron asociaciones significativas entre la eficiencia del sueño y el rendimiento físico. El análisis individual mostró que el rendimiento de tres participantes estaba relacionado con la eficiencia del sueño. La presente evidencia no respalda la premisa de que la eficiencia del sueño está relacionada con el rendimiento físico.
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