Efecto de la rehabilitación con ejercicios sobre los músculos respiratorios en pacientes con EPOC (Effect of exercise rehabilitation on breath muscles in COPD patients)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.105800Palabras clave:
Physical exercises, physical exercise, breathing muscles, COPD patientsResumen
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto de la rehabilitación con ejercicios en los músculos respiratorios de pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC). Se incluyeron en el estudio treinta pacientes (edad 52 ± 0,66 años; masa corporal 66,15 ± 0,75 kg; altura 176,17 ± 2,45 cm) con EPOC. El estudio utilizó el método experimental diseñando un programa de rehabilitación de ejercicios de tres meses y utilizando ejercicios específicos para ayudar a los pacientes a reducir la dificultad para respirar y fortalecer sus músculos inspiratorios y espiratorios. El estudio actual se realizó en el centro de rehabilitación pulmonar de Babylon. Se midieron el volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo (FEV1), la presión inspiratoria máxima (PImax), la presión espiratoria máxima (PEmax) y la dificultad para respirar. El resultado muestra que la diferencia en la dificultad para respirar (escala de Borg) entre las pruebas previas y posteriores es insignificante con una tasa de error (5%). Además, el valor de T calculado (1,66) es menor que el valor de T tabular (2,57), lo que indica que no ha habido ninguna mejora en el nivel de dificultad para respirar para el grupo de control. El nivel de dificultad para respirar muestra en la tabla que la diferencia es significativa en la tasa de error (5%). Además, las pruebas previas y posteriores se calculan como T (3,24), mayor que el valor de la T tabular (2,57). La rehabilitación con ejercicios alteró el FEV1, PImax, PEmax y la dificultad para respirar en pacientes con EPOC en el grupo experimental, pruebas previas y posteriores que respaldaron a la comunidad experimental, lo que sugiere que la actividad física afectó el FEV1, PImax, PEmax y la dificultad para respirar. El ejercicio físico mejora la musculatura respiratoria de los pacientes con EPOC, según nuestro estudio. Este estudio concluyó que los pacientes expresaron el deseo de continuar con el ejercicio.
Palabras clave: ejercicio físico, inspiratorio y espiratorio, pacientes con EPOC.
Abstract. This study aimed to determine the effect of exercise rehabilitation on the breathing muscles of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients. Thirty patients (age 52 ± 0.66 years; body mass 66.15 ± 0.75 kg; height 176.17 ± 2.45 cm) with COPD were included in the study. The study used the experimental method by designing a three-month exercise rehabilitation program and using specific exercises to help patients reduce shortness of breath and strengthen their inspiratory and expiratory muscles. The current study was conducted at Babylon's pulmonary rehabilitation center. The Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV1), the Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (PImax), the maximum expiratory pressure (PEmax), and shortness of breath were all measured. The result shows that the difference in the shortness of breath (Borg Scale) between the pre and post-tests is insignificant at the error rate (5%). Furthermore, the value of calculated T (1.66) is smaller than the value of tabular T (2.57), indicating that there has been no improvement in the level of shortness of breath for the control group.
The difference in the level of shortness of breath shown in the table is significant at the error rate (5%). Furthermore, the pre- and post-tests are calculated as T(3.24), greater than the value of tabular T (2.57). Exercise rehabilitation altered FEV1, PImax, PEmax, and shortness of breath in COPD patients in the experimental group, pre-and post-tests supporting the experimental community, suggesting that physical activity affected FEV1, PImax, PEmax, and shortness of breath. According to our study, physical exercise improves COPD patients' respiratory muscles. This study concluded that patients expressed a desire to continue the exercise.
Keywords: physical exercise, breathing muscles, COPD patients.
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