Cognición, actividades de la vida diaria y variables psicológicas en mujeres adultas mayores practicantes de Tai Chi Chuan (Cognition, activities of daily living and psychological variables in elderly women practitioners of Tai Chi Chuan)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i30.50343Keywords:
memoria, atención, construcción, vejez, Tai Chi, depresión, ansiedad (memory, attention, construction, old age, depression, anxiety)Abstract
El tener actividad física se ha asociado con un funcionamiento cognitivo exitoso durante la etapa adulta o vejez. Una actividad física deportiva es el Tai Chi, que es un arte marcial suave, con efectos benéficos sobre la salud física, psicológica y cognitiva. El objetivo del presente es caracterizar una muestra de mujeres mayores de 60 años practicantes de Tai Chi Chuan Yuan de la Ciudad de México y compararlas con mujeres sedentarias. Ambos grupos fueron evaluados con la prueba neuropsicológica COGNISTAT, con las escalas de depresión y ansiedad de Beck y con la escala de actividades de la vida diaria para el adulto mayor INACVIDIAM. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que el grupo de mujeres practicantes de Tai Chi tuvieron puntajes significativamente más altos que las mujeres sedentarias en las subpruebas de memoria, atención y construcción. Y una tendencia a tener mayor frecuencia y satisfacción al realizar actividades de la vida diaria, con niveles nulos y mínimos de depresión y ansiedad respectivamente. Se concluye que el conocer cuáles son las funciones cognitivas que pueden beneficiarse con la práctica de Tai Chi puede servir para promover este arte marcial suave como una terapia alternativa a la intervención neuropsicológica en pacientes con deterioro cognitivo propio del envejecimiento normal o patológico.
Abstract. Having physical activity it has been associated with successful cognitive functioning in adulthood or old age. A sports physical activity is Tai Chi, a soft martial art that has come forth benefits effects on physical, psychological and cognitive health. The aim of this study is to characterize a sample of women over 60 practitioners of Tai Chi Chuan Yuan form Mexico City and compared with sedentary women. Both groups were evaluated with neuropsychological test COGNISTAT, with scales of depression and anxiety Beck and the activities of daily life for the elderly INACVIDIAM. The results showed that the group of women practicing Tai Chi had significantly higher than sedentary in subtests memory, care and construction women's scores. And a tendency to have more frequent and satisfaction to perform activities of daily living, with zero and low depression and anxiety levels respectively. It is concluded that knowing what cognitive functions that can benefit from Tai Chi practice can serve to promote this soft martial art as an alternative therapy to neuropsychological intervention in patients with cognitive impairment due to normal or pathological aging.
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