La intervención prehospitalaria urgente en el campo de fútbol (The urgent prehospital intervention in the football playground)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i12.35035Keywords:
fútbol, accidentes, primeros auxilios, cadena de supervivencia (football, accidents, first aid, chain of survival)Abstract
La prensa suele recoger los casos más graves de accidentes de futbolistas conocidos porque impresionan y nos hacen reflexionar. Pero en categorías no profesionales también ocurren multitud de accidentes, algunos con resultado de muerte, de los que sólo tienen noticias las personas más allegadas a la víctima. El fútbol, deporte que practican alrededor de doscientos millones de personas en todo el mundo, es uno de los que mayor porcentaje de lesiones presenta, debido a sus características y requerimientos, a las diversas superficies de juego y a la gran cantidad de practicantes. En los equipos profesionales ya existe dentro del cuerpo técnico la figura del médico, pero miles de clubes no pueden disponer de él. Aquí se informa de los tipos de lesiones (óseas, musculares y tendinosas) y las intervenciones, primeras y urgentes, que deberían realizarse para solucionar el problema o, al menos, no agravarlo. Así mismo, se explica el concepto de «cadena de supervivencia» y como se debe activar, para hacer frente a otros tipos de accidentes (traumatismo cráneo-encefálicos, desmayos, atragantamientos o «muerte súbita») menos específicos del fútbol, pero de consecuencias más graves.
Abstract: Mass media used to talk about the most serious accidents with famous football players because they affect and make us to meditate. But innon professional categories lots of accidents occur too, some of them with death result, which only the relatives know. Football, sport that is practicedby around two hundred million persons worldwide, is one of the highest percentage of injuries presents due to its caractheristics and requeriements, thedifferent playground surfaces and the great amount of players around the world. In the professional teams there is already the role of the doctor insidethe thecnical corps, but thousands of clubes can not afford. In this article it is informed about the kind of injuries (osseous, muscular and tendinous) andthe intervention, first and urgent, that should be done to solve the problem or, at least, to avoid make it more serious. Beside, it is explained the «chainof survival» and how it must be activated, to face another kind of accidentes (cranium traumatism, swoon, choke or «sudden death») less specific infootball but more dangerous.
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