Análisis del perfil sociodemográfico, deportivo y psicológico en una práctica de escalada deportiva de estudiantes universitarios (Analysis of sociodemographic, sport and psychological profile in a rock-climbing experience on university students)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i24.34513Keywords:
Escalada deportiva, ansiedad cognitiva, ansiedad somática y autoconfianza.Abstract
La relación entre diversos factores psicológicos y la práctica de escalada ha quedado demostrada desde hace tiempo, sin embargo, la mayoría de los trabajos realizados se limitan a situaciones muy artificiales y alejadas de la naturaleza. Muy pocos son los estudios que han llevado a cabo este tipo de investigaciones en el medio natural y han combinado la recogida de datos con una práctica real de escalada. Los instrumentos utilizados para la recogida de datos han sido dos cuestionarios: el CSAI-2 y uno específicamente diseñado para recoger la información deseada sobre características sociodemográficas y hábitos deportivos. En nuestro trabajo hemos analizado diversas características de los participantes (perfiles sociodemográfico, deportivo general y deportivo como practicante de actividades físicas en el medio natural) y hemos comprobado cómo se relacionan entre ellas y su correlación con diferentes factores psicológicos (ansiedad cognitiva, ansiedad somática y autoconfianza). A través de éste artículo se evidencia como hay un porcentaje mayor de participantes mujeres que de hombres que escalan IV y V grado, mientras que en grados superiores los porcentajes se igualan. En lo referente a aspectos psicológicos, podemos apreciar como aquellos sujetos que escalan grados de mayor dificultad y que tienen un mayor interés por la práctica de la escalada, experimentan por un lado menores niveles de ansiedad somática y cognitiva y por otro, mayores niveles de autoconfianza.
Palabras clave: Escalada deportiva, ansiedad cognitiva, ansiedad somática y autoconfianza.
Abstract: The relationships among several psychological factors in rock climbing was proved a long time ago, nevertheless, most researches are limited to very artificial situations, far away from nature. There are few studies which have carried out this kind of investigation in the natural environment and have combined data collection with real rock climbing practice. The instruments used for this data collection were two questionnaires: CSAI-2 and another one specifically designed to gather the necessary information about sociodemographic characteristic and sport habits. In our work we have studied various individuals’ features (sociodemographic, general sport and outdoor profiles) and we have confirmed how they are interrelated and their influence on several psychological factors (cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence). Through this article we show that there are higher percentages of women than men participants who climb IV-V grade, whereas in higher grades the percentages equalize. Regarding psychological factors, we can notice how on the one hand those participants who climb higher grades and are more interested in rock climbing, feel lower cognitive anxiety and somatic anxiety, while on the other hand they feel higher self-confidence levels.
Key words: Rock climbing, cognitive anxiety, somatic anxiety and self-confidence.
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