Los enfoques de la literatura infantil relacionada con la Educación Física y el Deporte: un análisis comparativo entre Brasil y España (Approaches of children’s literature dealing with Physical Education and Sport: a comparative analysis between Brazil an
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i25.34482Keywords:
literatura infantil, Educación Física, análisis de contenido, análisis comparativo, Brasil, EspañaAbstract
El objetivo de este artículo es comparar los enfoques de los libros infantiles con temática relacionada con la Educación Física y el Deporte publicados en Brasil con los publicados en España. Para llevar a cabo la investigación, se ha utilizado el análisis de contenido. Además, se ha creado y utilizado un modelo heurístico para identificar los enfoques presentes en las obras infantiles publicadas en ambos países. Para validar el análisis, se ha empleado la fiabilidad intraobservador e interobservadores mediante la aplicación del índice kappa de Cohen. Los resultados de este análisis indican que: (a) predomina en gran medida el enfoque de los Juegos y recreación en los dos corpora de libros analizados; (b) el enfoque de los Deportes también registra una gran incidencia en las obras infantiles de los dos países; (c) el enfoque de la Historia presenta una marcada incidencia en ambos países; (d) otro enfoque significativo presente en las obras infantiles analizadas es el de la Ética; (e) el enfoque de la Salud presenta casi los mismos porcentajes tanto en un país como en otro; (f) otra de las similitudes encontradas es que ambos países no registran incidencia alguna de los enfoques de la Educación gerontológica y del Multiculturalismo; (g) el enfoque de los Estudios olímpicos presenta una importante incidencia en España, mientras que en Brasil el tema está olvidado; (h) el enfoque de la Danza en Brasil apenas tiene incidencia (solamente el 1,11%), mientras que en España presenta una importante incidencia (un 8,33%).
Palabras clave: literatura infantil, Educación Física, análisis de contenido, análisis comparativo, Brasil, España.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to compare the approaches of children’s books dealing with Physical Education and Sport published in Brazil with the ones published in Spain. To develop the investigation, a content analysis was utilized. Also, a heuristic model was created and utilized to identify the approaches present in the children’s books published in both countries. To validate the analysis, was employed the intraobserver and interobserver reliability, applying Cohen’s kappa coefficient. The results of this analysis indicate that: (a) the approach of Games and recreation presents the biggest incidence in both corpora; (b) the approach of Sports also registers a great incidence in the children’s books of both countries; (c) the approach of History presents a significant incidence in both countries; (d) another significant approach present in the children’s books analyzed is Ethics; (e) the approach of Health presents almost the same percentages in Brazil and in Spain; (f) another similarity is that in both countries there is no incidence of the approaches of Gerontologic Education and Multiculturalism; (g) the approach of Olympic Studies presents an important incidence in Spain, though in Brazil it is overlooked; (h) the approach of Dance in Brazil has almost no incidence (only 1,11%), though in Spain it is quite the opposite (incidence of 8,33%).
Keywords: children’s literature, Physical Education, content analysis, comparative analysis, Brazil, Spain.
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