Fundamentos biomecánicos de la bipedestación y los saltos mortales: el impacto de la interferencia del entrenamiento (Biomechanical Fundamentals of Hand Standing and Somersaults: The Impact of Coaching Interference)

Autores/as

  • Ibtehal Alkhawaldeh mutah university

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.99859

Palabras clave:

somersaults, hand standing, biomechanical fundamentals, coaching interference.

Resumen

La biomecánica es la ciencia deportiva líder que se ocupa de la técnica del movimiento. Esto es particularmente significativo en gimnasia, donde los estilos de desempeño de las mejores gimnastas sirven como ejemplos para que otros los emulen. Nuestro objetivo fue realizar este estudio para evaluar los fundamentos biomecánicos de la postura de manos y el salto mortal entre los dos grupos con y sin interferencias del entrenador. Se realizó un estudio comparativo en el que se inscribieron 24 gimnastas masculinos sanos de estándar nacional altamente competitivos. Los participantes se dividieron en dos grupos iguales, cada grupo constaba de 12 jugadores. Un grupo fue interferido y entrenado adicionalmente por un entrenador y otro grupo sirvió como control en el que no hubo interferencia adicional por parte del entrenador. Los investigadores filmaron la actuación con cámaras Canon EOS 100D, mientras que el análisis de movimiento se realizó utilizando el programa de análisis de movimiento Kinovea. Para la bipedestación manual, se observó el tiempo de equilibrio y la ejecución postural entre dos grupos. Para el salto mortal, se utilizaron pautas de movimiento en C para colocar marcadores en las articulaciones y extremidades de los participantes para observar el ángulo y la velocidad angular de las articulaciones. Se analizaron un total de 24 participantes (12 en cada grupo). Se descubrió que los ángulos del tobillo, la rodilla, la cadera y el hombro en el momento del despegue fueron estadísticamente significativos. La velocidad angular en el momento del contacto inicial y del despegue entre los dos grupos fue estadísticamente significativa. Se encontró que la mano que se encontraba entre dos grupos era significativa. Los resultados del estudio revelaron que los ángulos de los participantes bajo las interferencias del entrenador resultaron efectivos en el salto mortal. A la vista de los resultados, se recomienda enfocar los ángulos articulares para adquirir esta técnica de forma más efectiva.

Palabras clave: saltos mortales, parada de manos, fundamentos biomecánicos, interferencia de entrenamiento, gimnasia.

Abstract. Biomechanics is the leading sports science concerned with movement technique. This is particularly significant in gymnastics, where the performance styles of the top gymnasts serve as examples for others to emulate, we aimed to conduct this study to evaluate the biomechanical fundamentals of hand standing and somersaulting between the two groups with and without coach interferences. A comparative study was conducted in which 24 highly competitive national standard healthy male gymnasts were enrolled. The participants were divided into two equal groups each group consisting of 12 players. One group was interfered and additionally trained by a coach and another group served as control in which there was no additional interference of coach. The researchers filmed the performance via canon EOS 100D cameras, while the motion analysis was done using the Kinovea motion analysis program. For hand standing, balance time and postural execution was observed between two groups. For somersault, c-motion guidelines were used to attach markers to the joints and limbs of participants to observe the angle and angular velocity of joints. A total of 24 participants (12 in each group) were analysed. Results was found out that the angles of ankle, knee, hip and shoulder at toe off time was found statistically significant. The angular velocity at the time of initial contact and toe off between the two groups was statistically significant. The hand standing between two groups was found son significant. The study results revealed that the angles of participant under coach interferences were found effective in somersault. In light of the results, it is recommended that joint angles should be focused to acquire this technique more effectively.

Keywords: somersaults, hand standing, biomechanical fundamentals, coaching interference, gymnastic.

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Publicado

2024-01-01

Cómo citar

Alkhawaldeh, I. (2024). Fundamentos biomecánicos de la bipedestación y los saltos mortales: el impacto de la interferencia del entrenamiento (Biomechanical Fundamentals of Hand Standing and Somersaults: The Impact of Coaching Interference). Retos, 51, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.99859

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Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas