La influencia del método de entrenamiento de bajo volumen y alta intensidad en los indicadores de las cua-lidades de velocidad y fuerza de nadadores jóvenes de alto nivel (The influence of the low-volume high-intensity method training on the indicators of speed and strength qualities of young high skill level swimmers)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.98492Palabras clave:
high-intensity training, methods of improving speed and strength qualities, swimming, young swimmersResumen
Un objetivo es investigar la influencia del método de entrenamiento de alta intensidad y bajo volumen en los indicadores de velocidad y habilidades de fuerza en nadadores jóvenes de alto nivel de habilidad. Se utilizaron los siguientes métodos de investigación: probar el nivel de cualidades especiales de velocidad-fuerza en el agua con la ayuda de un equipo que permite la grabación de video subacuático, se registraron los parámetros del nivel de cualidades especiales de velocidad-fuerza en el agua. Los resultados obtenidos del estudio nos permitieron notar un aumento en el nivel de velocidad general y cualidades de fuerza, la potencia de la cintura escapular superior aumentó en un 16,80 % y la velocidad aumentó en un 13,48 % en el grupo experimental. El aumento de las cualidades de velocidad y fuerza de los músculos de la cintura escapular fue: potencia en un 23,40% y velocidad en un 21,17%. Aumento del nivel de velocidad y cualidades de fuerza de las extremidades inferiores: potencia en un 10,99% y velocidad en un 2,74%. La evaluación realizada por expertos independientes mostró que la aplicación del método de entrenamiento de alta intensidad y bajo volumen también afecta las habilidades básicas de natación de los estudiantes (elementos técnicos del método de natación elegido, desarrollo de las cualidades físicas generales de un nadador; estructura racional de la técnica de natación en la forma elegida, la fuerza de la brazada, la estabilidad y la variabilidad de la técnica de natación, el desarrollo especial de la fuerza-velocidad de resistencia de un nadador). Los indicadores mejoraron en un promedio de 0,6 puntos.
Palabras clave: entrenamiento de alta intensidad; métodos para mejorar las cualidades de velocidad y fuerza; nadar; jóvenes nadadores.
Abstract. A goal is to investigate the influence of the method of low-volume high-intensity training on the indicators of speed and strength abilities in young swimmers of high skill level. The following research methods were used: testing the level of special speed-strength qualities in the water with the help of equipment that allows underwater video recording, the parameters of the level of special speed-strength qualities in the water were recorded. The obtained results of the study allowed us to note an increase in the level of overall speed and strength qualities, the upper shoulder girdle power increased by 16.80% and speed increased by 13.48% in the experimental group. The increase in the speed and strength qualities of the shoulder girdle muscles was: power by 23.40% and speed by 21.17%. Increase in the level of speed and strength qualities of the lower extremities: power by 10.99% and speed by 2.74%. Evaluation by independent experts showed that the application of the method of low-volume high-intensity training also affects the basic swimming skills of students (technical elements of the chosen method swimming, development of general physical qualities of a swimmer; rational structure of swimming technique in the chosen way, the strength of the stroke; stability and variability of swimming technique, development special speed-strength endurance of a swimmer). The indicators improved by an average of 0.6 points.
Keywords: high-intensity training; methods of improving speed and strength qualities; swimming; young swimmers.
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