Programas de ejercicio físico intradiálisis que mejoran los parámetros bioquímicos y la dosis de diálisis (kt/v) en pacientes adultos con insuficiencia renal crónica en hemodiálisis. Revisión sistemáticas (Intradialysis physical exercise programs that improve biochemical parameters and dialysis dose (kt/v) in adult patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis. Systematic Review)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v49.97259Palabras clave:
Keywords: Kidney Failure, Chronic, Renal Dialysis, Clinical Protocols, Exercise.Resumen
El desarrollo de estrategias para mejorar los parámetros bioquímicos y dosis de diálisis (Kt/V), relacionada con la salud en pacientes en hemodiálisis es una cuestión imperativa pero además factible de desarrollar con un tratamiento paralelo como lo es el ejercicio físico el cuál ha evidenciado mejoras en la calidad de vida de los pacientes hemodializados. Se plantea el propósito de identificar los programas de ejercicio físico intradialisis que mejoren parámetros bioquímicos y dosis de diálisis (Kt/V) y sea un tratamiento adjunto en pacientes adultos con Insuficiencia Renal Crónica en tratamiento de Hemodiálisis. En esta revisión sistemática se consideraron los criterios de selección de los artículos con rangos de fechas 2016 -2022, de las bases de datos Ovid-Medline, Pubmed y Proquest. Se aplico PRISMA para generar el diagrama de flujo que esquematiza la búsqueda y escala PEDro, que, junto a los criterios de inclusión, forjan validez y riesgo de sesgos a los estudios. Para evaluación de calidad se utilizó la herramienta de análisis del Johanna Briggs Institut. Dentro de los resultados de búsqueda, se lograron analizar 17 ECA, 3 estudios transversales prospectivos, 2 caso controles y 2 Ensayos controlados no aleatorios. Demostraron que los ejercicios de mediana intensidad, aeróbico y resistencia, logran mayores modificaciones y mejoras en parámetros bioquímicos corporales. Además, de progresos en la dosis de diálisis Kt/V a través de metabólicos que derivan a una mejor depuración sanguínea en el tratamiento Hemodialítico. Poseen menos efectos adversos en la aplicación intradiálisis, son seguros, con mayor adaptabilidad del paciente.
Palabra clave: Insuficiencia renal crónica, diálisis renal, protocolos clínicos, ejercicio.
Abstract.The development of strategies to improve biochemical parameters and dialysis doses (Kt/V), related to health in hemodialysis patients, is an imperative issue but also feasible to develop with a parallel treatment such as physical exercise, which has shown improvements in the quality of life of hemodialysis patients. The purpose of identifying intradialytic physical exercise programs that improve biochemical parameters and dialysis dose (Kt/V) is proposed and is an adjunct treatment in adult patients with Chronic Renal Failure undergoing Hemodialysis treatment. In this systematic review, the selection criteria of the articles with date ranges 2016 -2022, from the Ovid-Medline, Pubmed and Proquest databases were considered. PRISMA was applied to generate the flow diagram that outlines the search and PEDro scale, which, together with the inclusion criteria, forge validity and risk of bias to the studies. For quality assessment, the analysis tool of the Johanna Briggs Institute was used. Within the search results, it was possible to analyze 17 RCTs, 3 prospective cross-sectional studies, 2 case controls and 2 non-randomized controlled trials. They demonstrated that medium-intensity, aerobic and resistance exercises achieve greater modifications and improvements in body biochemical parameters. In addition, progress in the dialysis dose Kt/V through metabolism that leads to better blood purification in hemodialysis treatment. They have fewer adverse effects in the intradialysis application, are safe, with greater patient adaptability.
Keywords: Kidney Failure, Chronic, Renal Dialysis, Clinical Protocols, Exercise.
Citas
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