¿El ejercicio pliométrico mejora el rendimiento de los saltos en los atletas de voleibol?: una descripción general de las revisiones sistemáticas (Does Plyometric Exercise Improve Jumping Performance in Volleyball Athletes? An Overview of Systematic Reviews)

Autores/as

  • Maria Cecília Tupinambá Oliveira
  • Áquila Larissa Xavier de Souza
  • Luciana de Michelis Mendonça
  • Jonatas Ferreira da Silva Federal University of the Jequetinhonha and Mucuri Valleys

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.96114

Palabras clave:

strength and conditioning, stretch-shortening cycle, sport performance, sport science

Resumen

El entrenamiento pliométrico se utiliza con frecuencia para mejorar el rendimiento de salto de los jugadores de voleibol. El objetivo del presente estudio fue sintetizar los resultados de diferentes revisiones sistemáticas que investigaron los efectos del entrenamiento pliométrico en el rendimiento de salto de los jugadores de voleibol. Se realizó una investigación sistemática en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science, buscando revisiones sistemáticas de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados. Dos autores evaluaron de forma independiente la calidad metodológica mediante AMSTAR. Se incluyeron cuatro revisiones sistemáticas en la síntesis de la evidencia, que representan a 983 jugadores de voleibol, 541 mujeres y 314 hombres (128 no declaradas). En resumen, los estudios tuvieron una duración de 2 a 26 semanas de intervención, frecuencia semanal entre 1-3, 1-6 series, 1-25 repeticiones y entre 1-9 ejercicios por sesión de entrenamiento. AMSTAR indicó dos estudios con baja calidad de evidencia, uno moderado y otro con alta calidad. El salto vertical fue la principal habilidad evaluada en las intervenciones de entrenamiento pliométrico en comparación con el salto horizontal. Según la evidencia, el entrenamiento pliométrico tuvo un efecto positivo en el rendimiento del salto vertical y en el mantenimiento de los saltos horizontales de los atletas de voleibol. Futuros estudios deberían analizar los mecanismos que conducen a mejoras en el salto horizontal, y los programas de entrenamiento pliométrico posiblemente deberían incluir más ejercicios de salto horizontal para optimizar esta habilidad.

Palabras clave: fuerza y acondicionamiento, ciclo estiramiento-acortamiento, rendimiento deportivo, ciencia del deporte.

Abstract. Plyometric training is frequently used to improve the jumping performance of volleyball players. The aim of the present study was to synthesize the results of different systematic reviews that investigated the effects of plyometric training on the jumping performance of volleyball players. Systematic research was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, looking for systematic reviews of randomized clinical trials. Methodological quality was independently assessed by two authors using AMSTAR. Four systematic reviews were included in the evidence synthesis, representing 983 volleyball players, 541 women and 314 men (128 were not declared). In summary, the studies lasted from 2 to 26 weeks of intervention, weekly frequency between 1-3, 1-6 sets, 1-25 repetitions and between 1-9 exercises per training session. AMSTAR indicated two studies with low quality of evidence, one moderate and one with high quality. The vertical jump was the main skill assessed in plyometric training interventions compared to the horizontal jump. According to the evidence, plyometric training had a positive effect on the vertical jump performance and on the maintenance of horizontal jumps of volleyball athletes. Further studies should look at mechanisms that lead to improvements in horizontal jump, and plyometric training programs should possibly include more horizontal jump exercises to optimize this skill.

Keywords: strength and conditioning, stretch-shortening cycle, sport performance, sport science.

Citas

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Publicado

2023-09-15

Cómo citar

Tupinambá Oliveira, M. C. ., Xavier de Souza, Áquila L., Mendonça, L. de M. ., & Ferreira da Silva, J. . (2023). ¿El ejercicio pliométrico mejora el rendimiento de los saltos en los atletas de voleibol?: una descripción general de las revisiones sistemáticas (Does Plyometric Exercise Improve Jumping Performance in Volleyball Athletes? An Overview of Systematic Reviews). Retos, 50, 1188–1194. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.96114

Número

Sección

Revisiones teóricas sistemáticas y/o metaanálisis

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