Asociación entre esguince de tobillo y la presencia de dolor lumbar en bailarines de ballet en Lima, Perú (Association between ankle sprain and the presence of low back pain in ballet dancers in Lima, Peru)

Autores/as

  • Vania Apaza-Ramos Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas
  • Fernando Zevallos-Ramos Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas
  • Sergio Bravo-Cucci Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.95593

Palabras clave:

Ballet, Dolor Lumbar, Traumatismos de tobillo, inestabilidad de la articulación, lesiones en deportes

Resumen

Antecedentes: el dolor lumbar (DL) y el esguince de tobillo son lesiones muy prevalentes en los bailarines de ballet. Diferentes estudios relacionan ambas lesiones, por lo que se sugiere realizar una investigación al respecto. Objetivo: determinar si existe asociación entre el esguince de tobillo y la presencia de DL en bailarines de ballet mayores de 18 años. Diseño del estudio: transversal, analítico, prospectivo y observacional. Métodos: se contactaron a 114 bailarines de diferentes escuelas y compañías de ballet de Lima, quienes respondieron una encuesta online relacionada con la presencia de DL en los últimos seis meses, los esguinces de tobillo en los últimos 12 meses, y otras variables sociodemográficas; así como covariables de inestabilidad de tobillo, lesión en el miembro inferior, hiperlaxitud ligamentaria, entre otras. Resultados: 47 participantes se incluyeron en el análisis del estudio, donde el 61.7 % era de sexo femenino y presentaba una mediana de 22 años de edad. Asimismo, el 57.5 % presentaba DL; y el 25.5 %, esguince de tobillo en los últimos 12 meses. Al asociar las variables al DL se encontró una relación significativa (p<0.05) con peso, IMC e inestabilidad de tobillo. Aun así, no se confirmó una asociación entre el esguince de tobillo y el DL. Conclusión: no se encontró una asociación entre el padecer esguince de tobillo en el último año y presentar dolor lumbar en los últimos 6 meses.

Palabras clave: ballet, dolor lumbar, traumatismos de tobillo, inestabilidad de la articulación, lesiones en deportes, índice de masa corporal, prevalencia.

Abstract. Background: low back pain (DL) and ankle sprain are very prevalent injuries in ballet dancers. Different studies relate both injuries, so it is suggested to carry out an investigation in this regard. Purpose: to determine if there is an association between ankle sprain and the presence of DL in ballet dancers older than 18 years old in the last year. Study design: analytical, prospective, observational and cross-sectional. Methods: 114 dancers from different schools and ballet companies in Lima were contacted; these responded to an online survey related to the presence of DL in the last six months, ankle sprain in the last 12 months, and other sociodemographic variables; as well as covariates of ankle instability, lower limb injury, ligament hypermobilty, among others. Results: 47 participants were included in the study analysis, 61.7 % of which were female and were a median age of 22 years old. Also, 57.5 % had DL and 25.5 % had an ankle sprain in the last 12 months. When associating the variables to DL, a significant association (p<0.05) with weight, BMI and ankle instability was found. Nevertheless, an association between ankle sprain and DL was not confirmed. Conclusion: No association was found between suffering from an ankle sprain in the last year and low back pain in the last 6 months.

Keywords: ballet, low back pain, ankle injuries, joint instability, sports injuries, body mass index, prevalence.

Biografía del autor/a

Vania Apaza-Ramos , Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas

Licenciada en Tecnología Médica en el Terapia Física

Fernando Zevallos-Ramos , Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas

Licenciado en Tecnología Médica en Terapia Física

Sergio Bravo-Cucci , Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas

Docente investigador RENACYT

Magister en Rehabilitación en Salud

Citas

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2023-01-02

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Apaza-Ramos, V., Zevallos-Ramos, F., & Bravo-Cucci, S. (2023). Asociación entre esguince de tobillo y la presencia de dolor lumbar en bailarines de ballet en Lima, Perú (Association between ankle sprain and the presence of low back pain in ballet dancers in Lima, Peru). Retos, 47, 893–901. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.95593

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Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas