Ciclo menstrual y deporte: efectos sobre el rendimiento y el metabolismo de la mujer deportista (Menstrual Cycle and Sport: effects on the performance and metabolism of the athlete woman)

Autores/as

  • Nuria Giménez-Blasi
  • Jose Antonio Latorre
  • Manuel Martínez-Bebia
  • Marina Sáenz
  • Leticia Cantero
  • Alejandro López-Moro
  • Maria Jose Jimenez-Casquet
  • Javier Conde-Pipo
  • Miguel Mariscal-Arcas

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v46.94614

Palabras clave:

menstrual cycle, sportswomen, performance, nutrition

Resumen

Existen dificultades para planificar el entrenamiento femenino. El objetivo de este trabajo de meta-análisis es conocer los resultados obtenidos en los estudios sobre la relación entre el ciclo menstrual (CM), la dieta, el metabolismo y el rendimiento en mujeres deportistas. Este trabajo se inició en enero-2022 buscando diferencias en el rendimiento en función de la fase del CM; criterios de exclusión posteriores a 2015, artículos no experimentales con índices de calidad >Q2. Finalmente se trabajó con 11 artículos. La percepción de la mayoría de las deportistas es que la CM sí tiene un impacto en el rendimiento deportivo, ya que se ven afectadas tanto física como psicológicamente dependiendo de la fase de la CM. Las características de las participantes, como el historial de entrenamiento, también pueden contribuir a la variedad de respuestas observadas en los estudios. La fase de MC en la que puede reducirse el rendimiento es en la fase folicular temprana y puede mejorar en las demás fases de MC. Los efectos encontrados pueden ser más relevantes para las atletas.

Abstract. There are difficulties planning female training. The aim of this meta-analysis work is to know results obtained in studies on the relationship between the menstrual cycle (MC), diet, metabolism and performance in sportswomen. This work began in January-2022 looking differences in performance depending on the MC phase; exclusion criteria after 2015, non-experimental articles with quality indexes >Q2. We finally worked on 11 articles. Perception of the majority of sportswomen is that MC does have an impact on sports performance, as they are affected both physically and psychologically depending on the MC phase. Participant characteristics, such as training history, may also contribute to the variety of responses observed in studies. MC phase where performance may be reduced is in the Early Follicular Phase and may improve in the other MC phases. The effects found maybe of most relevance to female athletes.

Citas

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Publicado

2022-09-28

Cómo citar

Giménez-Blasi, N. ., Latorre, J. A. ., Martínez-Bebia, M. ., Sáenz, M. ., Cantero, L. ., López-Moro, A. ., Jimenez-Casquet, M. J. ., Conde-Pipo, J. ., & Mariscal-Arcas, M. (2022). Ciclo menstrual y deporte: efectos sobre el rendimiento y el metabolismo de la mujer deportista (Menstrual Cycle and Sport: effects on the performance and metabolism of the athlete woman). Retos, 46, 565–572. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v46.94614

Número

Sección

Revisiones teóricas sistemáticas y/o metaanálisis