Estudio descriptivo sobre el uso del auto-habla en tenistas profesionales (Descriptive study on the use of self-talk in professional tennis players)

Autores/as

  • Ana Cordellat Marzal Universidad de Valencia
  • Raquel Valenciano

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v45i0.93132

Palabras clave:

Estrategias mentales, habilidades psicológicas, motivación, rendimiento, deporte., (Mental strategies, psychological skills, motivation, performance, sport)

Resumen

 

La búsqueda del máximo rendimiento en el deporte de élite se basa en una preparación física, técnica, táctica y mental. El tenis, caracterizado por el juego bajo presión y la ausencia de comunicación con el equipo técnico, provoca que el diálogo con uno mismo sea muy frecuente. El auto-habla se ha relacionado con una mejora del rendimiento, atendiendo al deporte, sexo y nivel. No obstante, no se encuentran estudios dirigidos a analizar el tipo de auto-habla que utilizan mujeres tenistas profesionales. Es por ello que los objetivos del presente estudio fueron observar cuáles son las verbalizaciones que más se usan en el tenis femenino y valorar qué tipo de auto-habla es el más utilizado. Un total de 11 mujeres tenistas profesionales (24,65±5,62 años), con una clasificación internacional entre el puesto 16º y 802º, contestaron una encuesta auto-administrada y anónima que se les proporcionó de forma virtual. Se examinaron las expresiones según la clasificación reciente de los tipos de auto-habla, analizándose con Chi-cuadrado su variación. Se destaca que todas las jugadoras conocían la técnica, exceptuando una. El tipo de auto-habla más utilizado fue el orgánico dirigido a un objetivo (AODO), sin verse apenas modificado en función de la clasificación de las jugadoras y la expresión más utilizada fue “Vamos”. La madurez de las tenistas profesionales les permite seleccionar el AODO en momentos delicados del partido y mantener así una mayor estabilidad emocional. Conocer qué palabras utilizan tenistas profesionales puede ayudar a los formadores a gestionar y mejorar el tipo de auto-habla que más conviene en jugadores en formación.

Abstract. The search for maximum performance in elite sport is based on physical, technical, tactical and mental training. Tennis, characterized by the game under pressure and the lack of communication with the technical staff, causes a frequent dialogue with oneself. Self-talk has been related to improved performance, depending on the sport, sex and level. However, there are no studies aimed at analyzing the type of self-talk used by women professional tennis players. The goals of this study were to observe which verbalizations are most used in women's tennis and to assess what type of self-talk is the most used. A total of 11 female professional tennis players (24.65±5.62 years old), with an international ranking between 16th and 802nd, answered a self-administered and anonymous survey that was provided to them virtually. The expressions were examined according to the recent classification of the types of self-talk, analyzing their variation with Chi-square. It stands out that all the players knew the technique, except one. The most used type of self-talk was organic goal-directed (AODO), with little change depending on the players' classification and the most used expression was "Let's go". The maturity of professional tennis players allows them to select the AODO in decisive moments of the match and thus maintain greater emotional stability. Knowing what words professional tennis players use can help trainers to manage and to improve which is the best type of self-talk for players’ training.

Biografía del autor/a

Ana Cordellat Marzal , Universidad de Valencia

Profesora Asociada

Citas

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Publicado

2022-06-21

Cómo citar

Cordellat Marzal, A., & Valenciano, R. (2022). Estudio descriptivo sobre el uso del auto-habla en tenistas profesionales (Descriptive study on the use of self-talk in professional tennis players). Retos, 45, 996–1001. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v45i0.93132

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Sección

Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas