Fuerza vs. pliometría. Efectos en la velocidad lineal y con cambios de dirección en jugadores jóvenes de baloncesto (Resistance vs. Plyometric training. Effects on linear and changes of direction speed in youth basketball players)

Autores/as

  • José María Izquierdo Velasco

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v45i0.93031

Palabras clave:

entrenamiento, esprint, jóvenes jugadores, fuerza, pliometría, rendimiento físico, (training), (sprint), (youth players), (strength), (plyometric), (physical performance)

Resumen

 

La velocidad es uno de los indicadores clave para el desarrollo atlético del jugador de baloncesto. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar los efectos que tiene en la velocidad un entrenamiento de fuerza (EF) y otro pliométrico (EP) desarrollados durante ocho semanas en jugadores jóvenes de baloncesto. Para ello, 48 jugadores (16,42 ± 1,13 años) se distribuyeron en tres grupos: EF (n = 16), EP (n = 16) y grupo control (GC) (n = 16). Se evaluó la velocidad lineal en 10 y 20 m, así como la velocidad con cambios de dirección con el test Pro-agility shuttle. Tanto el grupo EF como el EP mejoraron significativamente todas las variables de rendimiento (p < 0,05). EF fue el que obtuvo la mejora más relevante en el tiempo parcial de 10 m (8,92 %; ES = 0,65), mientras que el grupo de EP mejoró en mayor medida en el test Pro-agility shuttle (7,58 %; ES = 0,57). Los hallazgos de este estudio sugieren que en ocho semanas a) tanto el entrenamiento de fuerza como el pliométrico pueden mejorar el rendimiento de la velocidad en jugadores jóvenes de baloncesto, y b) un entrenamiento de fuerza puede incidir más en la velocidad lineal y un entrenamiento pliométrico en la velocidad con cambios de dirección.

Abstract. Speed is a key indicator for overall athletic development. The aim of this research was to compare the effects of strength (ST) and plyometric training (PT) for 8 weeks on sprinting speed in youth basketball players. 48 players (16.42 ± 1.13 years) were divided into three groups: ST (n = 16), PT (n = 16) and control group (CG) (n = 16). 10 and 20 m linear sprint, as well as the sprint with change of direction were measured by the Pro-agility shuttle test. Both the strength and plyometric groups significantly improved all performance variables (p < 0.05). The most relevant result in ST was in 10 m split time (8.92 %; ES = 0.65), whereas the PT was in Pro-agility shuttle test (7.58 %; ES = 0.57). The findings of this study suggest that, in eight weeks a) both strength and plyometric training can improve sprinting performance, and b) strength training might well influence on linear speed and plyometric training on speed with change of direction.

Citas

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Publicado

2022-06-21

Cómo citar

Izquierdo Velasco, J. M. (2022). Fuerza vs. pliometría. Efectos en la velocidad lineal y con cambios de dirección en jugadores jóvenes de baloncesto (Resistance vs. Plyometric training. Effects on linear and changes of direction speed in youth basketball players). Retos, 45, 1002–1008. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v45i0.93031

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Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas