Investigación de la relación entre la resiliencia psicológica, la reactividad emocional, la inadaptación psicológica y el control de la ira de los atletas (Investigation of The Relationship Between Athletes’ Psychological Resilience, Emotional Reactivity, Psychological Maladjustment and Trait Anger Control)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v46.92745Palabras clave:
deportista, resiliencia psicológica, reactividad emocional, inadaptación psicológica, rasgo de control de la ira.Resumen
El propósito de la investigación es examinar la relación entre la resiliencia psicológica, la reactividad emocional, la inadaptación psicológica y los niveles de ira del rasgo de los atletas y el papel mediador de la resiliencia psicológica en esta relación. Los datos se obtuvieron de un total de 972 deportistas, 298 mujeres y 674 hombres, de diferentes ramas deportivas (boxeo, lucha libre, taekwondo, atletismo, fútbol, voleibol, balonmano, baloncesto). En el proceso de recogida de datos se utilizó la escala de reactividad emocional adaptada a la cultura turca, la escala de depresión, ansiedad, estrés, la escala de estilo de ira y expresión y la escala corta de resiliencia psicológica. En el análisis de los datos se utilizó el modelo de ecuaciones estructurales para determinar los efectos predictivos directos e indirectos entre variables. De acuerdo con los hallazgos, aunque la reactividad emocional en los atletas ejerce presión sobre la inadaptación psicológica (depresión, ansiedad y estrés), la resiliencia psicológica tiene una función protectora. Se puede decir que los atletas con alta resiliencia psicológica pueden estar en una posición más positiva en términos de mostrar un rasgo de ira y desajuste psicológico, mientras que los atletas con baja resiliencia psicológica pueden estar en una posición desventajosa. Los resultados del estudio revelaron que la reactividad emocional tiene un predictor positivo de depresión, ansiedad y rasgo de ira. Por otro lado, se evaluó que la resiliencia psicológica tiene una fuerte función protectora sobre la reactividad emocional, la inadaptación psicológica y el rasgo de ira entre los atletas, y este hallazgo se discutió en el contexto de la literatura.
Abstract. The purpose of the research is to examine the relationship between athletes’ psychological resilience, emotional reactivity, psychological maladjustment and trait anger levels and the mediating role of psychological resilience in this relationship. The data were obtained from a total of 972 athletes, 298 women and 674 men, in different sports branches (boxing, wrestling, taekwondo, athletics, soccer, volleyball, handball, basketball). In the data collection process, the emotional reactivity scale adapted to Turkish culture, the depression, anxiety, stress scale, the anger and expression style scale and the short psychological resilience scale were used. In the analysis of the data, the structural equation model was used to determine the direct and indirect predictive effects between variables. In line with the findings, although emotional reactivity in athletes exerts pressure on psychological maladjustment (depression, anxiety, and stress), psychological resilience has a protective function. It can be said that athletes with high psychological resilience may be in a more positive position in terms of showing trait anger and psychological maladjustment, whereas athletes with low psychological resilience may be in a disadvantageous position. The results of the study revealed that emotional reactivity has a positive predictor of depression, anxiety, and trait anger. On the other hand, psychological resilience was evaluated to have a strong protective function on emotional reactivity, psychological maladjustment and trait anger among athletes, and this finding was discussed in the context of the literature.
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