Una Una propuesta de Danza Brasileña: Efectos en los niveles de cognición global de personas con la Enfermedad de Parkinson (A Brazilian Dance Proposal: Effects on Global Cognition Levels of People with Parkinson's Disease)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v45i0.91303Palabras clave:
Danza, Enfermedad de Parkinson, Cognición, Terapia, Rehabilitación, (Dance; Parkinson’s Disease; Cognition; Therapy; Rehabilitation)Resumen
El objetivo del presente estudio fue verificar los efectos de un programa de Danza Brasileña en los niveles de cognición global de personas con enfermedad de Parkinson. Se contó con treinta participantes con dicha enfermedad. Estos realizaron 22 clases de danza brasileña, con una hora de duración, dos veces a la semana, durante 11 semanas. Para la recogida de datos fueron utilizados los siguientes recursos: ficha de datos personales de los participantes; Escala Unificada para la Evaluación de la Enfermedad de Parkinson – parte III, para evaluar los síntomas motores; Estadios de Hoehn & Yahr, para establecer la progresión de la enfermedad; y la Evaluación Cognitiva Montreal, para evaluar la cognición global. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y los datos estadísticos fueron verificados a través del Test Shapiro-Wilk. Así mismo, fue utilizado el Test de Wilcoxon para comparar los datos de cognición global antes y después de las clases de Danza Brasileña. Para el análisis de estos datos se aplicó el programa Statistical Package for Social Sciences versión 20.0. El nivel de significancia fue de α<0,05. Antes y después de las clases de Danzas Brasileñas, los participantes obtuvieron una puntuación media de Deterioro Cognitivo Leve, con una modesta mejora. No hubo diferencia estadística en la cognición global después de las clases de danza (p = 0,195). Al tratarse de una enfermedad neurodegenerativa y progresiva, la estabilidad en los niveles de la cognición global, puede ser un resultado positivo para personas con la enfermedad de Parkinson, demostrando que la Danza Brasileña puede ser eficaz para mantener mayor tiempo los niveles de cognición retrasando el deterioro de los mismos.
Abstract The aim of the present study was to verify the effects of a Brazilian Dance program on the global cognition levels of people with Parkinson's disease. Thirty participants with Parkinson's disease participated in 22 Brazilian dance classes, lasting one hour, twice a week, for 11 weeks. For data collection, the following instruments were used: personal data sheet of the participants; Unified Scale for the Evaluation of Parkinson's Disease - part III, to evaluate motor symptoms; Hoehn & Yahr stages, to establish the progression of the disease; and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, to assess global cognition. Descriptive statistics were performed and the normality of the data was verified through the Shapiro-Wilk Test. The Wilcoxon Test was used to compare global cognition data before and after the Brazilian Dance classes. For data analysis, the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.0 program was used. The level of significance was α <0.05. Before and after the Brazilian Dance classes, the participants presented a mean score of Mild Cognitive Impairment, with a modest improvement. There was no statistical difference in global cognition after dance classes (p = 0.195). As it is a neurodegenerative and progressive disease, the stability in the levels of global cognition can be a positive result for people with Parkinson's disease, showing that Brazilian Dance can be effective in maintaining these levels.
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