La altura del salto en contramovimiento como instrumento de control de la fatiga neuromuscular. Revisión sistemática (Counter-movement Jump height as a means to monitor neuromuscular fatigue. Systematic Review)

Autores/as

  • Sergio Miras Moreno Universidad de Granada

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v37i37.73302

Palabras clave:

salto vertical, monitorización, carga del entrenamiento, plataforma de salto, rendimiento (vertical jump, monitoring, training load, contact platform, performance)

Resumen

Las múltiples ventajas que aporta un buen control de la carga y la fatiga tanto en deportes de equipo como individuales son conocidas, aunque es importante determinar si un mismo método de control puede ser utilizado para cualquier tipo de deporte, ya que cada uno posee unas demandas metabólicas y neuromusculares diferentes. El objetivo de esta revisión fue recopilar conocimiento acerca de la fiabilidad de la altura del salto en contramovimiento (CMJ, por sus siglas en inglés) como instrumento de control de la carga y la fatiga neuromuscular en atletas de diferentes deportes. El objetivo complementario fue relacionar el CMJ con otras variables metabólicas sensibles a la fatiga neuromuscular. Dos bases de datos (PubMed y WebOfScience) fueron utilizadas para la búsqueda de un total de 1051 artículos científicos. La calidad metodológica para cada artículo se llevó a cabo mediante la escala de la base de datos sobre Fisioterapia Basada en la Evidencia (PEDro). Un total de 12 artículos siguieron los criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se encontraron numerosas correlaciones con otras variables metabólicas como el nivel de cortisol en saliva, el amonio y lactato en sangre. La altura del CMJ es una herramienta fiable para medir tanto como la fatiga neuromuscular a lo largo de una temporada como para medir la fatiga aguda después de una sesión de entrenamiento, no obstante, es recomendable establecer un protocolo adecuado de medición y que se relacione con otros instrumentos o parámetros metabólicos para aumentar su fiabilidad dentro de los distintos deportes.


Abstract: The many advantages of good load and fatigue control in team and individual sports are known, although it is important to determine if the same control method can be used for any type of sport, for each one has different metabolic and neuromuscular demands. To analyze the reliability of counter-movement jump height (CMJ) as an instrument for load and neuromuscular fatigue control in athletes of different sports. The secondary aim was to relate vertical jump height (VJH) with other metabolic variables sensitive to neuromuscular fatigue. Two databases (PubMed and Web Of Science) were used to search a total of 1051 scientific journals. The methodological quality for each article was carried out using the scale of the database on Evidence-Based Physiotherapy (PEDro). A total of 12 papers matched the inclusion criteria. Numerous correlations were found with other metabolic variables such as the level of cortisol in saliva, ammonium and lactate in the blood. The height of the CMJ is a reliable tool to measure neuromuscular fatigue over a season and acute fatigue after a training session; however, it is advisable to establish an adequate measurement protocol and compare it with other instruments to increase their reliability within different sports.

Biografía del autor/a

Sergio Miras Moreno, Universidad de Granada

Estudiante Doble grado: Educ.Primaria (Educ. Física)+Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte

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Publicado

2020-01-01

Cómo citar

Miras Moreno, S. (2020). La altura del salto en contramovimiento como instrumento de control de la fatiga neuromuscular. Revisión sistemática (Counter-movement Jump height as a means to monitor neuromuscular fatigue. Systematic Review). Retos, 37, 820–826. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v37i37.73302

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Revisiones teóricas, sistemáticas y/o metaanálisis