Análisis de la velocidad adoptada en corredores de Maratón (Analysis of the pacing strategies used by Marathon runners)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i35.63432Palabras clave:
ritmo, rendimiento físico, carrera, sexo (pacing, physical endurance, running, gender)Resumen
El propósito de este estudio fue analizar la influencia del nivel de rendimiento y sexo sobre los ritmos de carrera adoptados por atletas en tres maratones con perfiles muy parecidos en cuanto a recorrido y condiciones ambientales. Se analizaron 14420 atletas, 13387 hombres y 1034 mujeres. Los resultados indicaron que existían diferencias entre sexos en todos los tramos. Asimismo, hubo diferencias entre grupos con diferentes niveles de rendimiento, tanto en hombres como en mujeres. También se encontraron diferencias en las velocidades de cada tramo entre los diferentes ritmos empleadas en ambos sexos (54% hombres y 50% mujeres), siendo las mayores diferencias encontradas entre el primer y último tramo. Por lo general, el ritmo más utilizado durante la competición es aquel en que el atleta ralentiza su velocidad en el transcurso de los 42km. Este estudio ha demostrado que independientemente del sexo y el rendimiento, los atletas adoptan en su gran mayoría un ritmo positivo para completar un maratón.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of gender and athletic status on race pacing strategies used by runners in three marathons with similar profiles in terms of itinerary and environmental conditions. A total of 14420 athletes were analyzed, 13387 men and 1034 women. The results indicated that there were pacing differences between men and women in all sections. Furthermore, differences between groups of different athletic status in both men and women were observed. The biggest differences were found in the first and the final section. In general, the pacing strategy that athletes used the most (54% in men and 50% in women) was positive. This study shows that regardless of gender and performance level, the majority of athletes adopt a positive pacing strategy to complete a marathon.
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